紧急避孕临床应用专家共识(2024年)  

Consensus on clinical practice ofemergency contraception(2o24)

作　　者：中国妇幼健康研究会安全避孕专委会 车焱 孙志明 The Safe Contraception Committee of the Chinese Maternal and Child Health Research Association;Che Yan;Sun Zhiming(不详;NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices,Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies,Shanghai 200237,China;Pharmaceutical Technologies,Shanghai 200237,China)

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]国家卫生健康委生育调节药械重点实验室、上海生殖健康药具工程技术研究中心、上海市生物医药技术研究院,上海200237 [3]徐州医科大学,徐州221001

出　　处：《中华生殖与避孕杂志》2024年第11期1107-1115,共9页Chinese Journal of Reproduction and Contraception

摘　　要：紧急避孕是指在无保护性生活或发现避孕失败后数天内为避免或减少非意愿妊娠而采用的补救避孕措施, 可以有效降低母婴患病和死亡风险。中国妇幼健康研究会安全避孕专委会组织国内计划生育临床、流行病学和药物不良反应等方面专家, 从紧急避孕的种类、机制、有效性、临床应用策略等方面进行了探讨。推荐紧急避孕在无保护性生活后越早使用避孕效果越好。左炔诺孕酮、米非司酮和醋酸乌利司他尽可能在无保护性生活后72 h内使用;含铜宫内节育器在无保护性生活后120 h内放置具有较好的紧急避孕作用, 不取出即可作为长效避孕措施;任何育龄期女性都适合按需使用紧急避孕方法;紧急避孕药的使用没有绝对的医疗禁忌证;应避免反复多次使用紧急避孕药;紧急避孕后应及时转换使用常规避孕方法。本共识可为从事避孕节育服务的临床工作者提供决策依据。Emergency contraception is a therapeutic intervention used to prevent pregnancy within 3 to 5 d after unprotected or suboptimally protected sexual intercourse.The Safe Contraception Committee of the Chinese Maternal and Child Health Research Association convened a meeting of family planning experts to discuss the various aspects of emergency contraception,including its types,mechanisms of action,efficacy,and clinical applications.The expert consensus suggests that emergency contraception should be administered as early as possible after unprotected intercourse to optimize contraceptive efficacy.Emergency contraceptive pills(EcP),which encompass levonorgestrel,mifepristone,and ulipristal acetate formulations,should be taken within 72 h after unprotected intercourse.The copper intrauterine device is efficacious for emergency contraception when inserted within 12o h of unprotected intercourse and offers the additional benefit of long-term contraception without the need for removal.Emergency contraception methods are deemed appropriate for all women of reproductive age on an as-needed basis.It is important to note that there are no absolute medical contraindications to the use of ECP.However,the repeated use of ECP should be discouraged as a regular contraceptive strategy.Instead,individuals are advised to transition to a consistent contraceptive method following the use of emergency contraception.This consensus document offers valuable guidance for healthcare providers in the realm of family planning services.

关 键 词：紧急避孕 临床应用 专家共识 

分 类 号：R169.41[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]