草原红牛不同部位肌肉组织形态学研究  

Study on muscle morphology of different parts of prairie red cattle

作　　者：谷兴亮 关诗宇 沈宏旭 刘林峰 刘峰 曲磊 秦立红 GU Xingliang;GUAN Shiyu;SHEN Hongxu;LIU Linfeng;LIU Feng;QU Lei;QIN Lihong(China Agricultural Science and Technology Northeast Innovation Center,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130119,China;Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Taonan Animal Husbandry Station,Taonan 137199,China;Taonan Animal Quarantine Station,Taonan 137099,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院中国农业科技东北创新中心,长春130119 [2]吉林农业大学,长春130118 [3]洮南市畜牧总站,吉林洮南137199 [4]洮南市动物检疫站,吉林洮南137099

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2024年第23期45-49,124,125,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-37);吉林省科技发展计划重大科技专项(YDZJ202203CGZH039);吉林省畜禽遗传资源开发利用项目“肉用草原红牛培育”;吉林省农业科技创新工程项目“发酵玉米秸秆对肉牛气体排放、血液生化指标及瘤胃微生物的影响”。

摘　　要：为了了解草原红牛不同部位肌肉组织形态学特征,试验选取月龄、体重相近的7头健康草原红牛,屠宰后取后腿部、上腰脊部、腰部、肩胛部、腹部和后臀部肌肉组织制成切片,分别进行油红O染色、苏木精-伊红染色和NADH-TR染色,同时利用Image-pro plus软件检测了脂滴数量、肌纤维横截面积、肌纤维直径、肌纤维密度、肌束内纤维数、肌内膜厚度、肌束膜厚度和肌纤维类型。结果表明:草原红牛后腿部、腰部、后臀部脂肪组织之间脂滴数量均显著低于上腰脊部、肩胛部、腹部(P<0.05),经油红O染色的肌肉切片呈橘黄色或红色。对于肌纤维横截面积,后臀部显著高于腰部和上腰脊部(P<0.05),腰部显著高于上腰脊部(P<0.05);对于肌纤维直径,后臀部显著高于上腰脊部和腰部(P<0.05),腰部显著高于上腰脊部(P<0.05);对于肌纤维密度,后腿部显著高于上腰脊部、腰部、肩胛部、腹部和后臀部(P<0.05),肩胛部、腹部显著高于上腰脊部、后臀部(P<0.05);对于肌束内肌纤维数,肩胛部显著高于上腰脊部、腰部、腹部、后臀部(P<0.05),后腿部显著高于上腰脊部(P<0.05);对于肌内膜厚度,腰部显著高于后腿部和肩胛部(P<0.05);对于肌束膜厚度,腹部显著高于后腿部和后臀部(P<0.05)。经苏木精-伊红染色的肌肉切片呈粉红色,肌肉纤维细胞核呈淡蓝色,肌束膜和肌内膜清晰可见。不同部位间Ⅰ型肌纤维和Ⅱb型肌纤维的占比均差异显著(P<0.05),其中Ⅰ型肌纤维和Ⅱb型肌纤维占比最高的部位分别为上腰脊部和腹部,占比最低的部位分别为腹部和上腰脊部。NADH-TR染色后,Ⅰ型肌纤维呈深蓝紫色,Ⅱa型肌纤维呈蓝紫色,Ⅱb型肌纤维呈淡蓝紫色。说明肩胛部脂滴数量和肌束内肌纤维数最大,后臀部肌纤维横截面积和直径最大,后腿部肌纤维密度最大,腰部肌内膜厚度最大,腹部肌束膜厚度最大。In order to understand the morphological characteristics of muscle tissue in different parts of prairie red cattle,seven healthy grassland red cattle with similar age and weight were selected for the experiment,and the muscle tissue from the hind legs,upper lumbar ridge,waist,scapula,abdomen and rear buttocks were taken afer slaughter.Image pro plus software was used to analyze the number of lipid droplets cross-sectional area of muscle fibers,diameter of muscle fibers,thickness of muscle intima,thickness of muscle bundle,density of muscle fibers,thickness of perimysium and type of intramuscular fibers.The results showed that the average number of lipid droplets in the hind legs,waist and posterior hip of prairie red cattle was significantly higher than that in the upper lumbar ridge,shoulder and abdomen(P<0.05),and the muscle sections stained with oil red O were orange or red.The cross-sectional area of muscle fibers in the posterior hip was significantly higher than that in the waist and upper lumbar ridge(P<0.05),and that in the waist was significantly higher than that in the upper lumbar ridge(P<0.05).The diameter of muscle fiber in the posterior hip was significantly higher than that of the upper lumbar spine(P<0.05),while the diameter of muscle fiber in the waist was significantly higher than that of upper lumbar spine(P<0.05).The muscle fiber density in the posterior leg was significantly higher than that in the upper lumbar spine,waist,scapula,abdomen,and posterior buttocks(P<0.05),while the muscle fiber density of scapula and abdomen was significantly higher than that of upper lumbar spine and posterior hip(P<0.05).The number of intramuscular fibers in the muscle bundle in the scapula was significantly higher than that in the upper lumbar spine and posterior buttocks,while the number of intramuscular fibers in the muscle bundle in the posterior leg area was significantly higher than that in the upper lumbar spine area(P<0.05).The endomuscular thickness in the lumbar region was significantly higher than t

关 键 词：草原红牛 肌间脂肪 脂滴 肌肉组织 形态学 

分 类 号：S823[农业科学—畜牧学]