奶牛真胃变位与血气指标相关性研究  

A study on the correlation between displaced abomasum and blood gas indexes in dairy cows

作　　者：张佳琪 李娜[1,2] 张兰兰 姚刚 马雪连[1,2] 孙亚伟 葛建军 李怀志[3] 马砚军 肖锐[3] ZHANG Jiaqi;LI Na;ZHANG Lanlan;YAO Gang;MA Xuelian;SUN Yawei;CE Jianjun;LI Huaizhi;MA Yanjun;XIAO Rui(College of Animal Medicine,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Creation for Herbivores,Urumqi 830052,China;Sinkiang Hutubi Breeding Cattle Field Co.,Ltd,Hutubi 831203,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物医学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆草食动物新药研究与创制重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆呼图壁种牛场有限公司,新疆呼图壁831203

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2024年第23期74-81,共8页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区奶产业技术体系项目(NCYJSTX2024-09);新疆维吾尔自治区乡村振兴产业发展科技行动项目(2022NC097);天山创新团队计划项目(2023D14018)。

摘　　要：为了研究奶牛真胃变位(DA)发病的影响因素与血气检测的相关性,试验采用普查的方式对新疆某地区规模化奶牛养殖场的6497头泌乳期奶牛进行调查,对不同季节、胎次及产后发病时间奶牛的发病情况进行统计分析;选择产后健康奶牛(健康组)、真胃左方变位(LDA)确诊当天进行手术治疗奶牛(DA组)和术后恢复第7天奶牛(DA-7组)进行临床检查和血气检测,运用相关性分析和主成分分析方法进行多指标综合评价。结果表明:奶牛DA在冬季发病率最高,为2.86%;在1胎次中发病率最高,为2.14%;在产后第0~30天内的发病率最高,为2.49%。与健康组奶牛相比,DA组奶牛产奶量极显著降低(P<0.01),且DA奶牛经治疗后产奶量恢复缓慢。与健康组和DA-7组相比,DA组奶牛细胞外液碱剩余(BEecf)、碳酸氢根(HCO_(3)^(-))和总二氧化碳(TCO_(2))含量显著降低(P<0.05),葡萄糖(Glu)含量显著升高(P<0.05)。奶牛产后发病时间与Glu含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),BEecf与泌乳量、HCO_(3)^(-)和TCO_(2)含量呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),与钠(Na)含量呈显著正相关(P<0.05)。从发病影响因素中归纳出7个主成分,累积方差解释率为84.366%,具有统计学意义的因素为血气因子、血氧因子、糖分因子及钙因子。说明血气检测适用于奶牛DA的早期检测。To investigate the influencing factors of displaced abomasum(DA)in dairy cows and its correlation with blood gas analysis,a survey was conducted on 6497 lactating cows in a large-scale breeding farm in Xinjiang using a census approach,and statistical analysis was performed on the incidence of DA in relation to different seasons,parity,and postpartum onset time.Clinical examinations and blood gas analysis were conducted on three groups,namely postpartum healthy cows(healthy group),cows diagnosed with DA on the day of surgery(DA group),and cows at day 7 post-surgery(DA-7 group)and a comprehensive evaluation using correlation analysis and principal component analysis was performed.The results indicated that the incidence of DA was the highest in winter at 2.86%,in first-parity cows at 2.14%,and within the first 0-30 days postpartum at 2.49%.Compared to healthy cows,DA cows exhibited a significant reduction in milk production(P<0.O1),with slow recovery of milk yield after treatment.Compared to the healthy group and the DA-7 group,the DA group had significantly lower levels of extracellular liquid alkali remaining(BEecf),bicarbonate(HCO3),and total carbon dioxide(TCO2)(P<0.05),along with significantly higher glucose(Glu)levels(P<0.05).The onset time of DA in postpartum cows showed a highly significant positive correlation with Glu(P<0.01),and BEecf exhibited highly significant positive correlations with milk yield,HCO3,TCO2(P<0.01),and sodium(P<0.05).Seven principal components were summarized from the morbidity influencing factors,with a cumulative variance explained of 84.366%,including statistically significant factors related to blood gas factor,blood oxygen factor,sugar intake influencing factor and calcium factor.These findings indicate that blood gas analysis could be applied for the early detection of DA in dairy cows.

关 键 词：真胃变位 流行病学调查 血气分析 相关性分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]