美国网络安全战略的演进:对华政策与应对策略  

Evolution of U.S. Cybersecurity Strategy: Policies Toward China and Corresponding Strategic Approaches

作　　者：张心志 郑文佳 Zhang Xinzhi;Zheng Wenjia(School of Politics and International Relations,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062;School of Politics and Public Administration,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学政治与国际关系学院,上海200062 [2]郑州大学政治与公共管理学院,郑州450001

出　　处：《智库理论与实践》2024年第6期169-179,共11页Think Tank:Theory & Practice

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“全球数字治理下的国际互联网规则形成机制研究”(项目编号:21BXW008)阶段性研究成果之一。

摘　　要：[目的/意义]通过对美国网络安全政策文件的深入挖掘,认识美国网络安全战略演进路径、变化趋势、战略意图和对华政策,为中国网络安全建设提供重要参考。[方法/过程]本文采用比较研究法、内容分析法和总结归纳法相结合的方法,对从小布什政府到拜登政府颁布的15份美国网络安全政策文件进行比较、分析与归纳。[结果/结论]美国网络安全战略的演进主要体现在治理主体、威胁认知、关注议题和治理策略等四个方面。拜登政府从组建价值观联盟、产业断链、技术脱钩和网络威慑等方面,实施对华的战略竞争。在此态势之下,我国必须积极回击美国意识形态话语、拓展网信产业国际合作、加快构建科技竞争非对称优势、建设发展我国网络防御力量,从而服务我国网络安全整体战略、维护网络空间安全稳定。[Purpose/significance]Through an in-depth analysis of the US network security policy documents,this study aims to understand the evolution path,change trend,strategic intention and China policy of the US network security strategy,and provide important reference for China’s network security construction.[Method/process]Employing the method of comparative research,content analysis and summary,this study systematically examines 15 the US network security policy documents promulgated by the Bush Administration to the Biden Administration.[Result/conclusion]The study reveals that the evolution of the US cybersecurity strategy is mainly reflected in four aspects:governance actors,threat perception,issues of concern,and governance strategy.The Biden administration’s strategic competition with China focuses on the establishment of value alliances,industrial chain disruption,technological decoupling,and cyber deterrence.Under this situation,China must actively counter against the ideological discourse of the United States,enhance international cooperation in the cyberspace industry,accelerate the establishment of asymmetric advantages in technological competition,and build and develop our country’s cyber defense capabilities,so as to serve China’s overall cyber security strategy and maintain cyberspace security and stability.

关 键 词：美国 网络安全战略 拜登政府 对华政策 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]