煤矸石制备蒸压加气混凝土砌块重金属浸出行为及环境影响研究  

Study on heavy metal leaching behavior and environmental impact of gangue-prepared autoclaved aerated concrete

作　　者：段赛红 舒春雪 马朝政 张晔 DUAN Saihong;SHU Chunxue;MA Chaozheng;ZHANG Ye(National Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Resource Utilization and Energy-saving Building Materials,Beijing 100041,China;Beijing Building Materials Academic of Sciences Research Co.Ltd.,Beijing 100041,China)

机构地区：[1]固废资源化利用与节能建材国家重点实验室,北京100041 [2]北京建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司,北京100041

出　　处：《新型建筑材料》2024年第12期76-80,共5页New Building Materials

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFB0606304)。

摘　　要：针对山西吕梁地区煤矸石及其制备的蒸压加气混凝土砌块(AAC砌块),分析了As、Cr、Mn、Ni、Pb、Se、Zn等7种典型重金属总量及浸出毒性,采用改进的欧洲共同体标准物质局逐级提取法研究了重金属赋存形态,并运用风险评价编码法对比分析了煤矸石AAC制品的环境安全性。结合水槽浸出试验,研究了煤矸石AAC中重金属的长期累积释放行为。结果表明:煤矸石原粉中Mn和Ni浸出量超出地表水Ⅳ类标准限值,制成AAC砌块后,浸出量降为0.58、0.91μg/L,固化效果明显。水槽浸出试验中,煤矸石AAC重金属浸出量远低于荷兰建筑材料土壤质量法令规定的DSQ限值,可以安全应用于建筑中。For the coal gangue and its prepared autoclaved aerated concrete blocks in Lueliang area of Shanxi Province,the total amount and leaching toxicity of seven typical heavy metals,As,Cr,Mn,Ni,Pb,Se and Zn,were analyzed,and the heavy metal fugue morphology was studied by using the improved Bureau of Reference Materials of the European Communities step-by-step extraction method,and the Risk Assessment Coding method was applied for comparative analyses of the gangue AAC products.The environmental safety of gangue AAC products was comparatively analyzed using the RAC method.The long-term cumulative release behavior of heavy metals in gangue AAC was investigated by combining with the water tank leaching test.The results show that the leaching amount of Mn and Ni in the original powder of gangue exceeds the standard limit value ofⅣin surface water,and the leaching amount is reduced to 0.58 and 0.91μg/L after making AAC blocks,and the curing effect is obvious.The leaching amount of heavy metals from gangue AAC in the sink leaching test is far below the DSQ limit value stipulated by the Dutch Decree on Soil Quality of Building Materials,and it can be safely applied in construction.

关 键 词：煤矸石 蒸压加气混凝土 重金属 浸出毒性 赋存形态 环境风险 

分 类 号：TU528[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]