面向水生群落系统稳定性的水库生态调度  

Reservoir ecological operation for the stability of aquatic community systems

作　　者：王奕博 曾凌 刘攀[2] 李雨 WANG Yibo;ZENG Ling;LIU Pan;LI Yu(Bureau of Hydrology,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Wuhan 430010,China;State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会水文局,湖北武汉430010 [2]武汉大学水资源工程与调度全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《水科学进展》2024年第6期914-926,共13页Advances in Water Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52225901);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC3204505)。

摘　　要：水库运行导致下游水量和水质的时空变化,对水生群落系统稳定性造成了一定程度的影响。为探究水量和水质随机扰动在水生群落系统中的传播和累积效应并提升水库下游水生群落系统稳定性,通过构建随机动态系统模型,提出水生态系统稳定性评估指标“累积比”,以丹江口水库和汉江中下游为例开展多目标优化调度。结果表明:不同水量和水质指标在水生群落系统的不确定性传播系数差异较大,上游站点相比下游站点的群落系统在面临环境扰动时较稳定;优化调度方案的多年平均供水量和多年平均发电量相比常规调度方案分别提升了4.32%和0.26%,水库下游多站点的水生群落系统稳定性平均提升了1.58%。研究成果可为水资源管理和水生态环境治理工作提供技术支撑。Reservoir operations can cause spatiotemporal changes in downstream water quantity and quality,leading to negative impacts on the dynamics of aquatic community systems(ACS).To explore the propagation and accumulation effects of stochastic disturbances in water quantity and quality within ACS,and to improve the stability of ACS downstream of reservoirs,this study proposed a system stability evaluation index called the“cumulative ratio”by establishing a stochastic dynamic system model.Multiobjective optimization operations were performed taking the Danjiangkou Reservoir and the middle–lower reaches of the Hanjiang River(China)as the study area.Results revealed substantial variations in the propagation of uncertainty coefficients of different water quantity and quality indicators within the ACS.The ACS of upstream stations exhibited greater stability under environmental disturbances compared with those of downstream stations.The average annual water supply and average annual hydropower generation of the optimized scheme were enhanced by 4.32%and 0.26%,respectively,compared with those of the conventional operation scheme.The stability of ACS at multiple downstream stations was improved by an average of 1.58%.These findings provide valuable technical support for water resource management and ecological governance.

关 键 词：水库调度 水生群落 随机扰动 系统稳定性 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]