中国滨海盐沼湿地土壤有机碳密度、分布及影响因素  

Soil Organic Carbon Density,Distribution and Influencing Factors in Chinese Coastal Salt Marsh

作　　者：刘恩俊 李传良 熊静 吴明[1] 邵学新[1] LIU En-jun;LI Chuan-liang;XIONG Jing;WU Ming;SHAO Xue-xin(Wetland Ecosystem Research Station of Hangzhou Bay,Subtropical Forestry Research Institute,China Academy of Forestry Sciences,Hangzhou 311400,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江杭州湾湿地生态系统定位观测研究站,中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江杭州311400

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2024年第6期37-42,共6页Wetland Science & Management

基　　金：浙江省基础公益项目(LTGS24C160001);中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所创新研究项目(RISFZ-2023-01);浙江省领雁项目(2023C03120)。

摘　　要：滨海盐沼湿地是重要的“蓝色碳汇”,在应对全球气候变化方面具有重要意义。基于中国海岸线10处滨海湿地进行实地调查采样,研究裸滩、自然芦苇湿地、围垦芦苇湿地、互花米草入侵湿地4种覆被类型及其不同土层有机碳密度、空间分布及影响因子。结果表明:中国滨海盐沼湿地1 m深度土壤有机碳密度平均为119.39±18.62 t/hm^(2)。不同覆被类型土壤有机碳密度从大到小依次为:裸滩(127.10±18.17 t/hm^(2))>自然芦苇湿地(121.84±19.07 t/hm^(2))>围垦芦苇湿地(117.30±16.11 t/hm^(2))>互花米草入侵湿地(111.30±18.17 t/hm^(2))。不同气候带有机碳密度为温带(133.09±15.64 t/hm^(2))高于亚热带(113.46±15.72 t/hm^(2))和热带(113.65±19.18 t/hm^(2))。土壤有机碳密度随纬度降低呈波动下降趋势,并从土壤表层向深层递减。相关分析表明,土壤有机碳密度与纬度、碳氮比、容重、pH值呈显著正相关,与年平均温度、年平均降水量、土壤全氮和土壤含水量呈显著负相关。基于第二次湿地资源调查数据,估算得到我国盐沼湿地土壤总碳储量为39.985×10^(6) t。研究结果为科学评价滨海蓝碳的固碳功能及固碳机制提供了基础数据。Coastal salt marshes are of great significance in addressing global climate change,acting as important"blue carbon sinks".In this paper,we conducted field surveys and 10 sample sites along the coastline of China.The spatial distribution,vertical distribution and influencing factors of soil organic carbon density were investigated in four land-use types:bare mudflut,natural wetland,reclaimed wetland and invasive wetland.The results indicated that the average soil organic carbon density at a depth of 1 m in coastal salt marsh wetlands in China was 119.39±18.62 t/hm^(2),with the following trends among different salt marshes:bare mudflut(127.10±18.17 t/hm^(2))>natural wetland(121.84±16.11 t/hm^(2))>reclaimed wetland(117.30±16.11 t/hm^(2))>invasive wetland(111.30±18.11 t/hm^(2)).The salt marshes in temperate zone exhibited the highest soil organic carbon density(133.09±15.64 t/hm^(2)),followed by the subtropical zone(113.46±15.72 t/hm^(2))and the tropical zone(113.65±19.18 t/hm^(2)).The soil organic carbon density demonstrated a fluctuating downward trend with decreasing latitude,with the greatest density observed in the topsoil and a gradual decline in the deep soil.The soil organic carbon density was found to be significantly and positively correlated with latitude,carbon to nitrogen ratio,bulk density and pH,and significantly and negatively correlated with mean annual temperature,mean annual precipitation,soil total nitrogen and soil water content.The total soil carbon stock in China's salt marsh wetlands was estimated to be 39.985×10^(6) t based on the data of the second wetland resources survey.The results of this study provide basic data for the scientific evaluation of the carbon sequestration function of coastal blue carbon.

关 键 词：盐沼湿地 碳储量 碳密度 滨海 土壤 

分 类 号：P748[天文地球—海洋科学]