石墨烯基电场传感器研发与测试  

R&D and tests of a graphene-based electric field sensor

作　　者：康利利 杨永友[1,2,3,4] 王中兴[1,2,3,4] 陈凯 何朋[6] 王绪哲[6] 丁古巧 李子航[1,2,3] KANG Li-Li;YANG Yong-You;WANG Zhong-Xing;CHEN Kai;HE Peng;WANG Xu-Zhe;DING Gu-Qiao;LI Zi-Hang(Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Key Laboratory of Deep Petroleum Intelligent Exploration and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Institutions of Earth Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;College of Earth and Planetary Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Geophysics and Information Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Zhongke Yueda(Shanghai)Materials Technology Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201808,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国科学院深层油气理论与智能勘探开发重点实验室,北京100029 [3]中国科学院地球科学研究院,北京100029 [4]中国科学院大学地球与行星科学学院,北京100049 [5]中国地质大学(北京)地球物理与信息技术学院,北京100083 [6]中科悦达(上海)材料科技有限公司,上海201808

出　　处：《物探与化探》2024年第6期1463-1470,共8页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“基础科研条件与重大科学仪器设备研发”重点专项(2022YFF0706203);国家重点研发计划“智能传感器”重点专项(2021YFB3202103)。

摘　　要：为进一步降低电磁探测系统中电场传感器的极差漂移与本底噪声,提升电场测量精度,本文通过研究极差漂移和本底噪声的产生机理,明确了电场传感器的设计需求,攻克了基于Ag-AgCl体系的石墨烯基稳定电解质凝胶制备工艺,优化设计了基于高分子微孔隔膜的多仓式、多触角电极结构,研制了低极差漂移、低噪声的石墨烯基电场传感器。该传感器利用石墨烯的离子保持能力,结合反应区、过渡区、缓冲区3区分立的多仓式结构,减缓了内部离子扩散速率,从而降低了因离子浓度变化而引起的极差漂移。利用石墨烯的导电能力降低了电场传感器的内阻,通过多触角增强与大地的接触,降低了电场传感器的接触电阻,从而降低了电场传感器的本底噪声。所研制的石墨烯基电场传感器极差漂移不超过20μV/24 h,本底噪声不高于25 nV/√Hz。在黑龙江多宝山地区开展了24小时野外大地电磁探测试验,获取了0.000125~320 Hz频段的高质量电场数据,视电阻率相位曲线与商用电极测量结果一致,验证了石墨烯基电场传感器的野外工作有效性。This study aims to enhance the measurement accuracy of the electric field by reducing the range shifting and background noise of electric field sensors in the electromagnetic detection system.First,it ascertained the design requirements of electric field sensors by investigating the mechanisms of the range drift and background noise.Second,it established the Ag-AgCl-based preparation process for graphene-based stable electrolyte gel.Third,it optimized the multi-cell multi-contactor electrode structure based on polymeric microporous membranes.Finally,it developed a graphene-based electric field sensor characterized by low range drift and background noise.This sensor can retard internal ion diffusion by leveraging the ion retention ability of graphene and the multi-cell structure composed of reaction,transition,and buffer zones.Consequently,the range drift caused by changes in the ion concentration is reduced.The internal and contact resistance of this sensor can be reduced through the conductive ability of graphene and the enhanced contact with the ground via multiple contactors,respectively,thereby reducing the sensor's background noise.The graphene-based electric field sensor developed in this study shows range drift not exceeding 20μV/24 h,and background noise not above 25 nV/√Hz.This sensor was applied to a 24 h field magnetotelluric sounding test conducted in the Duobaoshan area,Heilongjiang Province,yielding high-quality electric field data in the frequency band of 0.000125~320 Hz,with the apparent resistivity phase curve aligning with the result of commercial electrodes.Therefore,the graphene-based electric field sensor proves effective in fieldwork.

关 键 词：电磁探测 电场传感器 石墨烯 低极差漂移 低噪声 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]