海底光泵磁力仪研制  

Development of a submarine optically pumped magnetometer

作　　者：巩奕轩 姜凯 高敬语 朱万华 陈凯[1] GONG Yi-Xuan;JIANG Kai;GAO Jing-Yu;ZHU Wan-Hua;CHEN Kai(School of Geophysics and Information Technology,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)地球物理与信息技术学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094

出　　处：《物探与化探》2024年第6期1498-1506,共9页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2022YFC2807900、2016YFC0303100);国家自然科学基金项目(42174081)。

摘　　要：自主水下航行器(autonomous underwater vehicle,AUV)搭载磁力仪开展水下目标磁异常探测,可进行长时间、大范围连续采样,具有隐蔽、高效、实用性高、应用范围广泛、机动性强、续航能力强的优势。为提升其测量精度,需要用海底同步观测的磁场数据作为参考,以抵消磁场环境噪声。为此,开发海底光泵磁力仪,为AUV磁异常探测数据处理提供参考。海底光泵磁力仪由磁场测量单元和水声释放单元组成,具备海底磁总场高精度自容采集、海底水声释放回收能力。磁场测量单元由光泵探头、电子学单元、计数器、电池包、尼龙承压舱等组成;水声释放单元由水声换能器、水声通讯板、电腐蚀脱钩器、水泥块、浮力块、框架等组成。重点解决了小型化、自容采集、水声通讯等技术难题。2022年于青岛近海海域开展磁异常探测试验,测试结果验证了海底光泵磁力仪的海底磁场自容采集、释放回收功能,为水下目标探测提供了有效参考数据。The Autonomous Underwater Vehicle(AUV)equipped with a magnetometer conducts underwater magnetic anomaly detection,enabling long-duration and large-scale continuous sampling.It offers advantages such as concealment,high efficiency,high practicality,wide application range,strong maneuverability,and robust endurance.To improve measurement accuracy,synchronous seabed magnetic field data is needed as a reference to counteract environmental magnetic noise.To address this,a submarine optically pumped magnetometer was developed to provide a reference for processing AUV magnetic anomaly detection data.The submarine optically pumped magnetometer consists of a magnetic field measurement unit and an acoustic release unit,capable of high-precision autonomous acquisition of the total magnetic field on the seabed,as well as underwater acoustic release and recovery.The magnetic field measurement unit includes an optical pumping probe,electronic unit,counter,battery pack,and nylon pressure chamber.The acoustic release unit includes an acoustic transducer,acoustic communication board,electro-corrosion decoupler,cement block,buoyancy block,and frame.This design addresses key technical challenges such as miniaturization,autonomous acquisition,and underwater acoustic communication.In 2022,a magnetic anomaly detection test was conducted in the offshore waters of Qingdao.The test results verified the autonomous seabed magnetic field acquisition and the release and recovery functions of the submarine optically pumped magnetometer,providing effective reference data for underwater target detection.

关 键 词：水下目标磁异常探测 光泵磁力仪 海底磁场观测 水声释放 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]