地震信号倒谱分解技术及其在超深层碳酸盐岩储层烃类检测中的应用  

Cepstrum decomposition of seismic signals and its application in hydrocarbon detection of ultradeep carbonate reservoirs

作　　者：张永升[1] 黄超[1] 刘军[1] 张永恒 王兴建 薛雅娟[3] ZHANG Yong-Sheng;HUANG Chao;LIU Jun;ZHANG Yong-Heng;WANG Xing-Jian;XUE Ya-Juan(Exploration and Development Research Institute,SINOPEC Northwest Oilfield Branch,Urumqi 830011,China;College of Geophysics,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;School of Communication and Information Engineering,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石化西北油田分公司勘探开发研究院,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]成都理工大学地球物理学院,四川成都610059 [3]成都信息工程大学通信与信息工程学院,四川成都610059

出　　处：《物探与化探》2024年第6期1618-1625,共8页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于相干成像的测井远探测高精度成像理论研究”(42074163)。

摘　　要：地震信号倒谱分解技术是近年来发展起来的一种烃类检测方法,有利于突出宽频带地震信号内某些特定频段的弱流体信息。本文着重研究了基于傅里叶变换倒谱和基于小波包变换倒谱的地震信号倒谱分解技术,并应用于顺北地区超深层碳酸盐岩储层烃类检测。对比分析了共倒谱剖面与传统共频率剖面的特征,进一步详细对比分析了基于傅里叶变换倒谱和基于小波包变换倒谱的一阶和二阶共倒频剖面特征,在此基础上,对比研究了基于傅里叶变换倒谱和基于小波包变换倒谱的烃类检测效果。实际地震数据处理结果表明,倒谱分解技术较常规基于小波变换的谱分解技术时空分辨率更高,能给出更多的细节信息。小波包倒谱分解技术较傅里叶变换倒谱分解技术检测到的地震幅度异常剖面能给出更准确的含气性解释结果。The cepstrum decomposition technology for seismic signals,recently developed for hydrocarbon detection,can highlight weak fluid information in some specific frequency bands of broadband seismic signals.This study explored the cepstrum decomposition technology for seismic signals using Fourier transform(FT)-and wavelet packet transform(WPT)-based cepstrum.Moreover,the technology was applied to the ultradeep carbonate reservoirs in the Shunbei area for hydrocarbon detection.A comparative analysis was conducted on the characteristics of common cepstrum profiles and conventional common frequency profiles.Furthermore,a detailed comparative analysis was conducted on the characteristics of the first-and second-order common cepstrum profiles of FT-and WPT-based cepstra.On this basis,the hydrocarbon detection effects were compared between FT-and WPT-based cepstra.The processing results of actual seismic data show that compared to the conventional spectral decomposition technology based on wavelet transform,the cepstrum decomposition technology manifested higher spatio-temporal resolution,providing more detailed information.Contrasting with FT-based cepstrum decomposition,WPT-based cepstrum decomposition provided a more accurate interpretation of gas-bearing properties through the seismic amplitude anomaly profiles.

关 键 词：倒谱分解 傅里叶变换倒谱 小波包倒谱 超深层碳酸盐岩储层 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]