分步振幅一致性处理技术在鄂尔多斯盆地拼接大剖面中的应用  

Application of the stepwise amplitude consistency processing technique in splicing the large-scale profile of the Ordos Basin

作　　者：许磊明 李斐 王建华[3] 李美[1,2] 曹永亮[1,2] 王浩坤 XU Lei-Ming;LI Fei;WANG Jian-Hua;LI Mei;CAO Yong-Liang;WANG Hao-Kun(National Engineering Laboratory of Low-permeability Oil&Gas Exploration and Development,Xi'an 710018,China;Exploration and Development Research Institute,SINOPEC Changqing Oilfield Branch,Xi'an 710018,China;Northwest Branch of Exploration and Development Research Institute,SINOPEC,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室,陕西西安710018 [2]中国石油长庆油田分公司勘探开发研究院,陕西西安710018 [3]中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《物探与化探》2024年第6期1643-1652,共10页Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司应用研究攻关项目“长庆探区GeoEast软件处理解释一体化推广应用研究”(2022ZT0203)。

摘　　要：鄂尔多斯盆地深层油气资源丰富,开展高精度地震成像处理及构造解释,建立整个盆地的构造骨架大有裨益。本文针对鄂尔多斯盆地二维拼接大剖面处理中存在的振幅一致性问题开展研究。采用“六步法”振幅一致性处理流程,将炮间能量调整、球面扩散补偿、地表一致性振幅补偿、分频振幅补偿、基于覆盖次数的振幅归一化和基于偏移距分布的振幅归一化处理贯穿于保幅处理中,较好地消除了因不同年度测线在地表激发接收条件、采集方法、观测系统、仪器上的差异造成的振幅不一致问题。所获得的盆地级二维拼接大剖面为建立鄂尔多斯盆地的构造格架,明确奥陶系马四段、马三段及以下中深层构造模式、断层特征及地层展布特征,预测古隆起分布提供了可靠的资料基础。该技术系列也为其他复杂区的地震资料处理提供参考和借鉴。The Ordos Basin boasts abundant deep oil and gas resources.Hence,establishing the tectonic framework of the entire basin based on high-precision seismic imaging processing and structural interpretation holds critical significance.This study investigated the amplitude consistency problem in processing the large-scale 2D spliced profile of the basin.It employed a six-step amplitude consistency processing flow for amplitude preservation,involving energy adjustment between shots,spherical diffusion compensation,surface-consistent amplitude compensation,frequency-division amplitude compensation,and amplitude normalization based on the fold number/offset distribution.The processing flow effectively eliminated the amplitude inconsistency caused by the differences of survey lines in surface excitation and receiving conditions,acquisition methods,observation systems,and instruments in different years.The obtained basin-scale 2D spliced profile provided a reliable data basis for establishing the tectonic framework of the basin,clarifying the tectonic patterns,fault characteristics,and stratigraphic distributions of the fourth and third members of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation and the underlying strata,and predicting the distribution of paleo-uplifts.Moreover,the technique used in this study serves as a reference for processing seismic data of other complex areas.

关 键 词：炮间能量 吸收衰减 分频振幅补偿 覆盖次数 偏移距 振幅归一化处理 

分 类 号：P631.4[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]