海洋沉积体系甲烷生物地球化学循环的微量元素地球化学示踪研究进展  

Advancements in studying the biogeochemistry of methane in marine depositional systems through trace element geochemistry

作　　者：王旭东 庄光超 冯东 WANG Xudong;ZHUANG Guangchao;FENG Dong(College of Oceanography and Ecological Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System(FDOMES)and Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology,Ministry of Education,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学与生态环境学院,上海201306 [2]中国海洋大学深海圈层与地球系统前沿科学中心和海洋化学理论与工程技术教育部重点实验室,青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2024年第6期82-95,共14页Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42106059);上海市青年科技英才“扬帆计划”(21YF1416800);上海市教育发展基金会和上海市教育委员会“晨光计划”(22CGA58)。

摘　　要：由地质过程与微生物作用共同塑造的地球环境,当前正受到全球变暖的威胁,其中甲烷作为一种极为重要的温室气体,对全球变暖的贡献率已经达到了20%。海洋沉积物是地球最大的甲烷储库,在海洋富甲烷环境,微生物参与的产甲烷、甲烷厌氧氧化和甲烷有氧氧化过程广泛存在,是研究错综复杂的甲烷生物地球化学循环过程的理想实验室。本文从地质微生物学角度解析了含微量元素的酶或辅酶介导的甲烷循环过程,梳理了微生物潜在的微量元素需求,并重点综述了近年来主要涉及海洋甲烷循环过程研究的微量元素和同位素地球化学证据。由于参与甲烷循环过程的微生物纯培养相对困难,而地球化学研究又难以实现对生物地球化学过程的精细刻画,微生物学与地球化学的学科交叉研究优势明显、前景广阔。阐明海洋富甲烷环境微生物活动与微量元素的耦合关系,对于探索当前全球变暖背景下海洋甲烷循环过程和全球甲烷排放的调控至关重要,也有望为解析地质历史时期的甲烷排放事件及其全球生态环境效应提供独特的视角。The habitable planet,shaped by geological processes and microbial activity,is currently threatened by global warming.Methane,as an important greenhouse gas,is responsible for 20%of global warming.The largest amount of methane on the Earth is found in marine sediment.In these methane-rich marine environments,microbial process such as methanogenesis,anaerobic methane oxidation,and aerobic methane oxidation play a crucial role.In this review,the methane cycle mediated by enzymes or coenzymes containing trace elements was analyzed from the perspective of geological microbiology,the potential trace element demand of microorganisms was examined,and the geochemical evidence of trace elements and isotopes that primarily related to the study of the marine methane cycle in recent years were emphasized.At present,the pure culture of microorganisms involved in the methane cycle presents challenges,and to accurately describe biogeochemical processes in geochemical research is difficult.Therefore,interdisciplinary research that combines microbiology and geochemistry offers clear advantages and promising prospects.Understanding the interplay between microbial activities and trace elements in marine methane-rich environments is crucial for investigating the marine methane cycle and regulating global methane emissions in the context of current global warming.Additionally,this knowledge is anticipated to offer a distinctive vantage point for analyzing historical methane emission events and their global ecological/environmental impacts.

关 键 词：海洋沉积体系 甲烷循环 微生物活动 微量元素 

分 类 号：P736.4[天文地球—海洋地质]