不同顺序同期训练对小学生身体成分和心肺耐力干预效果的研究  

Study on the intervention effect of different order concurrent trainingon body composition and cardiopulmonary endurance of primary school students

作　　者：林建健[1] 宋洁[2] 张文静 李晓燕 LIN Jian-jian;SONG Jie;ZHANG Wen-jing;LI Xiao-yan(School of International Relations,Beijing 100091,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]国际关系学院,北京100091 [2]北京农学院 [3]北京十一晋元中学 [4]首都师范大学附属育新学校

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第24期4485-4491,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费项目(3262024T51)。

摘　　要：目的探究不同顺序同期力量和耐力训练对小学生体成分和心肺耐力的影响,为科学指导小学生健身,提高儿童体质健康提供理论依据;北京某小学五年级男生60人(年龄:10.22 y±0.73 y;身高:150.23 cm±9.63 cm;体重:45.71 kg±8.09 kg;BMI:20.25 kg/m2±4.77 kg/m2)。方法受试者分为单纯耐力组(n=20)、同期RE组(n=20)、同期ER组(n=20),对三组受试者进行为期12周,每周3次不同形式训练干预。干预前后进行最大摄氧量、体成分、肺功能等指标测试。采用单因素方差分析和配对样本T检验进行统计学分析。结果12周运动训练干预后,受试者体重(E组:2.78±7.23;同期RE组:4.00±7.20;同期ER组:3.47±7.94)增长率方面,三组之间没有显著性差异(P>0.05);与单纯耐力组相比,体质百分比(E组:10.69±3.34;RE组:16.38±6.34;ER组:23.15±10.30)得到显著性降低(P<0.01),并且同期ER组优于同期RE组(P<0.05);肌肉增长率方面(E组:6.84±2.91;RE组:12.58±3.68;ER组:10.63±2.91)同期组高于单纯耐力组(P<0.01),同期RE组高于同期ER组(P<0.05)。肺活量增长率方面(E组:12.71±4.64;RE组:20.35±4.22;ER组:17.76±5.51)同期组高于耐力组(P<0.01),但两同期组没有显著性差异(P>0.05);肺活量体重指数增长率方面(E组:9.43±8.23;同期RE组:16.55±7.96;同期ER组:13.44±10.26)三组之间没有显著性差异(P>0.05);最大摄氧量增长率方面(E组:7.06±2.55;RE组:14.10±4.12;ER组:11.26±4.04)同期组高于耐力组(P<0.01),但两同期组之间没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论同期训练在改善少年儿童体成分和提高心肺耐力方面优于单纯耐力训练。其中耐力-力量的训练顺序可以有效降低机体脂肪含量;力量-耐力的训练顺序可以有效增加骨骼肌含量,少年儿童的心肺机能提高与训练顺序不相关。Objective To explore the effects of different sequential strength and endurance training on body composition and cardiorespiratory endurance of primary school students,and to provide theoretical basis for scientific guidance of primary school students’fitness and improvement of children’s physical health.Subjects 60 boys in grade 5 of a primary school in Beijing(age:10.22 y±0.73 y;height:150.23 cm±9.63 cm;weight:45.71 kg±8.09 kg;BMI:20.25 kg/m2±4.77 kg/m2).[WTHZ]Methods The subjects were divided into three groups:simple endurance group(n=20),RE group(n=20)and ER group(n=20).Three groups of subjects were trained for 12 weeks,3 times a week.Maximum oxygen uptake,body composition,lung function and other indicators were tested before and after intervention.One-way ANOVA and Paired Sample T-Test were used for statistical analysis.Results After 12 weeks of exercise training intervention,there was no significant difference in the growth rate ofthe weight of the subjects between the three groups(Egroup:2.78±7.23;REgroup:4.00±7.20;ER groupin the same period:3.47±7.94)(P>0.05).Compared with the simple endurance group,the percentage of physical fitness(Egroup:10.69±3.34;RE group:16.38±6.34;ER group:23.15±10.30)was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and the ER group was better than the RE group(P<0.05).The muscle growth rate(Egroup:6.84±2.91;RE group:12.58±3.68;the ER group:10.63±2.91)in the same period group was higher than the simple endurance group(P<0.01),and the RE group was higher than the ER group(P<0.05).The growth rate of vital capacity(Egroup:12.71±4.64;RE group:20.35±4.22;the ER group:17.76±5.51)in the same period group was higher than that in the endurance group(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the growth rate of vital capacity body mass index between the three groups(E group:9.43±8.23;RE group:16.55±7.96;the same period ER group:13.44±10.26)(P>0.05).The maximum oxygen uptake growth rate(Egroup:7.06±2.55;RE group:14.10±4.12;the ER group:11.26±4.04)in the same period group was

关 键 词：同期训练 耐力训练 训练顺序 小学生 体成分 心肺耐力 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]