郑州市中学生抑郁症状影响因素分析及列线图预测模型构建  

Influencing factors of depressive symptoms in middle school students in Zhengzhou and construction of nomogram prediction model

作　　者：张茜 赖娇龙 胡佳佳 张俊娜 周帆轲 娄晓民[2] 王鲜[2] ZHANG Qian;LAI Jiao-long;HU Jia-jia;ZHANG Jun-na;ZHOU Fan-ke;LOU Xiao-min;WANG Xian(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention school,Zhengzhou,Henan 451450,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]郑州市中牟县疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,河南郑州451450 [2]郑州大学公共卫生学院儿童少年卫生学教研室

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第24期4492-4498,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(82003478);郑州大学校级教学改革类项目(2022ZZUJG264);河南省科技攻关项目(242102310031);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(25A330009)。

摘　　要：目的分析影响中学生抑郁症状的相关因素,构建风险预测列线图模型来评估中学生罹患抑郁症状的风险。方法选择中牟县参加学生常见病和健康影响因素监测与干预项目的中学生1088名,使用收集的问卷信息;采用多因素logistic回归分析抑郁症状的影响因素,建立列线图,预测中学生出现抑郁症状的风险。结果中学生抑郁症状检出率为28.50%。女生(OR=2.051,95%CI:1.475~2.851),住校(OR=1.496,95%CI:1.069~2.093),非常态家庭(OR=1.615,95%CI:1.013~2.530),被家长打骂(OR=3.516,95%CI:2.159~5.726),吸烟(OR=2.044,95%CI:1.298~3.219),受到严重伤害(OR=2.576,95%CI:1.225~5.417),遭受校园欺凌(OR=3.276,95%CI:1.113~9.643),网络成瘾(OR=7.421,95%CI:4.624~11.909)会增加中学生发生抑郁症状的风险。一周内平均水果摄入频率增加(<1次/天和≥1次/天OR值分别为0.513,95%CI:0.306~0.863;0.500,95%CI:0.290~0.863)会降低中学生发生抑郁症状的风险。基于以上因素建立的列线图模型具有较好的区分度(AUC=0.752)和准确度(Hosmer-Lemeshow,χ2=3.657,P>0.05)。结论女生、住校、非常态家庭、一月内被家长打骂、一年内受到严重伤害、吸烟、校园欺凌、网络成瘾的中学生出现抑郁症状风险增大,利用列线图能有效预测中学生出现抑郁症状的风险,从而对高危群体及时采取干预措施。Objective To analyze the associated factors affecting depressive symptoms in middle school students and to construct a risk prediction line graph model to assess the risk of developing depressive symptoms in middle school students.Methods A total of 1088 middle school students were selected to participate in the monitoring and intervention project of common diseases and health influencing factors in Zhongmu County,Zhengzhou City,using the information collected from the questionnaires.A multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify the factors that influenced the occurrence of depressive symptoms,and a column graph was established to predict the risk of depressive symptoms in middle school students.Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms among middle school students reached 28.50%.Female students(OR=2.051,95%CI:1.475-2.851),living in school(OR=1.496,95%CI:1.069-2.093),abnormal family(OR=1.615,95%CI:1.013-2.530),beaten and scolded by parents within one month(OR=3.516,95%CI:2.159-5.726),smoking(OR=2.044,95CI:1.298-3.219),serious injury within one year(OR=2.576,95CI:1.225-5.417),bullying(OR=3.276,95CI:1.113-9.643),internet addiction(OR=7.421,95CI:4.624-11.909)can increase the risk of depressive symptoms in middle school students.Average daily fruit intake in a week(<1time/day:OR=0.513,95%CI:0.306-0.863;≥1time/day:OR=0.500,95%CI:0.290-0.863),reduce the risk of depressive symptoms in middle school students.The Nomogram model based on the above factors had good differentiation(AUC=0.752)and accuracy(Hosmer-Lemeshow test resultχ2=3.657,P>0.05).Conclusion Middle school students who are girls,live in school,abnormal families,beaten by parents within one month,seriously hurt within one year,smoking,bullying and Internet addiction are more likely to have depressive symptoms.The column-chart can be used to predict the risk of depression symptoms in middle school students effectively,so as to take timely intervention measures for high-risk groups.

关 键 词：中学生 抑郁症状 列线图 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]