2018—2023年贵州省学生肺结核流行特征及空间聚集性分析  

Analysis of students’pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence and spatial aggregation,Guizhou,2018-2023

作　　者：王秉萍 李进岚[1] 陈玮[1] 何昱颖 杨婕[1] WANG Bing-ping;LI Jin-lan;CHEN Wei;HE Yu-ying;YANG Jie(Tuberculosis prevention and control,Guizhou Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang,Guizhou 550004,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心结核病防治研究所,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2024年第24期4561-4566,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：贵州省发改委省级基本建设前期工作项目—贵州省结核病高疫情地区综合防控降低疾病负担模式研究贵州省发改委省级基本建设前期工作项目(No.2020-181-131)。

摘　　要：目的了解2018—2023年全省学生肺结核患者流行特征并分析其空间聚集性,为进一步优化我省学校结核病防控措施以及为相关部门制定切实有效的学校结核病防控政策提供科学参考依据。方法从“传染病报告信息管理系统”中,根据发病日期导出2018年1月1日—2023年12月31日现住址为贵州省所辖县(市、区)内的所有职业为学生的肺结核患者个案资料,采用Excel 2010、SPSS 26.0和Arc GIS 10.7软件整理并分析学生肺结核流行病学特征及空间聚集性。结果2018—2023年贵州省学生肺结核23699例,年均登记率为40.67/10万,呈下降趋势(趋势χ2=1244,P<0.001)。登记时间主要集中在每年的3—4月和8—9月;地区分布主要集中在毕节市、黔东南州以及遵义市;年龄主要以15~19岁为主(60.15%);患者来源以转诊占比最大(40.08%),诊断结果以病原学阴性为主(65.80%),2018—2023年间学生肺结核患者总体就诊延迟率为49.01%。2018—2023年贵州省学生肺结核登记率的全局Moran’s I值均>0,介于0.135~0.221之间,且均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。局部自相关分析结果显示,全省聚集区在各年度存在不同类型的聚集数量,“高-高”聚集区在2018—2023年的个数分别有:3、2、5、4、3、4个,“低-低”聚集区的个数分别有:18、15、11、9、4、5个,“高-低”聚集区的个数分别有:0、0、1、1、2、4个,“低-高”聚集区的个数分别有:1、1、2、1、1、1个。结论贵州省学生肺结核患者登记率呈逐年下降趋势,三间分布明显,学生肺结核患者登记地区间非均匀分布,存在明显空间聚集性。建议加强学校主动发现、强化健康宣教、加大聚集地区学校结核病防控力度。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of student TB patients in the province and analyze their spatial aggregation,2018-2023,and to further optimize the TB prevention and control measures in schools in the province,as well as to provide scientific reference bases for the relevant departments to formulate practical and effective TB prevention and control policies in schools.Methods From the“Infectious Disease Reporting Information Management System”,the case data of tuberculosis patients whose current address was within the counties(cities and districts)under the jurisdiction of Guizhou Province and whose occupations were students from January 1,2018 to December 31,2023 were derived according to the date of onset,and the epidemiological characteristics and spatial aggregation of tuberculosis among students were analyzed by using Excel 2010,SPSS 260 and Arc GIS 107 software,SPSS 26.0 and Arc GIS 10.7 software to organize and analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial aggregation of students'tuberculosis.Results There were 23699 cases of tuberculosis among students in Guizhou Province from 2018 to 2023,with an average annual registration rate of 40.67/100000,showing a decreasing trend(trendχ2=1244,P<0.001).The registration time was mainly concentrated in March-April and August-September each year;the regional distribution was mainly concentrated in Bijie City,Qiandongnan Prefecture,and Zunyi City;the age was mainly 15-19 years old(60.15%);the source of the patients was the largest proportion of referrals(40.08%),and the diagnostic results were mainly pathogenetically negative(65.80%),and the overall delayed rate of consultation for student TB patients during 2018-2023 was 49.01%.The global Moran's I values of student TB registration rates in Guizhou Province during 2018-2023 were all>0,ranging from 0.135 to 0.221,and all were statistical significance(P<0.05).The results of local autocorrelation analysis showed that there were different types of aggregation in the province's ag

关 键 词：学生 肺结核 流行特征 空间聚集性 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学]