离散油滴供油条件下弹流润滑特性试验研究  

Experimental Investigation on Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Characteristics under Discrete Oil Droplet Supply

作　　者：李伟 刘成龙 郭峰 栗心明 李书义 LI Wei;LIU Chenglong;GUO Feng;LI Xinming;LI Shuyi(School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266520,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东青岛266520

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2024年第12期8-14,共7页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52175173;52205201);山东省自然科学基金青年基金项目(ZR202111130004)。

摘　　要：在限量供油条件下,润滑轨道上薄的润滑油层容易形成离散的油滴状态,其润滑性能与油滴的供油状态直接相关。为探究油滴的铺展和融合对润滑特性的影响机制,采用微量补油装置实现了离散油滴的供油条件,利用自制的光弹流润滑油膜测量试验机观察多个微油滴供油的润滑过程,结合油滴的输运速度,探究润滑油黏度、油滴尺寸和间距以及分布位置等因素对润滑油膜厚的影响。结果发现:油滴在接触区前的铺展和融合对多个油滴的协同润滑效果有重要影响;当油滴尺寸过小、间距过大、卷吸速度过快、黏度过高时,接触区内无法形成完整润滑油膜,油滴成膜性减弱;增大油滴尺寸可有效改善润滑效果,但过大的油滴会造成绕流部分增加,润滑效率降低。限量供油条件下,通过分布参数优化的离散油滴供油的成膜性比相同体积单次供油的成膜性好,试验结果显示,离散油滴供油膜厚值高于单次供4倍油量的膜厚值。Under limited lubricant supply conditions,a thin lubricating oil layer on the lubrication track tends to form discrete oil droplets,directly affecting the lubrication performance.In order to explore the influence of oil droplet spreading and merging behavior on lubrication characteristics,a micro-feeding device was utilized to supply discrete oil droplets.A specially-designed optical interferometry lubricating film thickness test rig was used to observe the lubrication of multiple micro oil drops.Combined with the transportation speed of oil drops,the effects of oil viscosity,droplet size,droplet spacing and distribution position on the film thickness of lubricating oil were explored.It is found that the spreading and merging behaviors of oil droplets at the contact area inlet have a significant influence on the synergistic lubrication effect.Insufficient droplet size,excessive spacing,high entrainment speed,or high oil viscosity hinder the formation of a complete oil film,thereby weakening lubrication effect.Increasing droplet size can effectively improve lubrication effect,however,excessively large droplets can lead to increased detour flow and reduce lubrication efficiency.Under conditions where lubricant supply is limited,the film-forming ability of discrete droplet oil supply,optimized through distribution parameters,is found to be superior to that of single oil supply with the same quantity of oil.Experimental results indicate that the film thickness of discrete droplet oil supply is four times greater than that of single oil supply with an equivalent amount of oil.

关 键 词：限量供油 离散油滴 铺展和融合 润滑效率 分布参数 

分 类 号：TH117[机械工程—机械设计及理论]