盾构机迷宫密封旋转润滑试验及动态仿真研究  

Experimental and Dynamic Simulation Study on Rotational Lubrication of Labyrinth Seal for Shield Machine

作　　者：牛文琪 周小磊 张杰 俞培德 朱团辉 NIU Wenqi;ZHOU Xiaolei;ZHANG Jie;YU Peide;ZHU Tuanhui(Institute of Fluid Technology,China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou Henan 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁工程装备集团有限公司流体技术研究院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2024年第12期160-168,共9页Lubrication Engineering

摘　　要：盾构机主驱动密封系统在恶劣的工况下易进渣土,导致密封失效,而目前对渣土侵入密封的研究尚不充分,且对主驱动密封润滑的研究局限于缩比模型的试验和仿真模拟等方法,缺少实机的试验和仿真模拟。通过建立∅2 m级主驱动密封润滑试验台并构建等比例网格模型,通过试验法探究迷宫密封腔内动态旋转的EP2油脂在不同的转速、密封类型、偏心量等因素下,迷宫密封腔内EP2油脂的流动扩散情况。构建等比例试验台网格模型,使用滑移网格法模拟迷宫密封腔内EP2旋转扩散情况,对比试验结果以验证数值模拟的准确性。试验结果表明:EP2油脂扩散弧长随转速和偏心量的增加而增长,但相较于偏心量,主驱动转速对油脂扩散弧长的影响较小;在相同偏心量和主驱动转速下,错列型迷宫密封的密封性能优于直通型迷宫密封。依照行业经验设定油脂单口注入量为3.4 mL/min时,迷宫密封腔内仅内、外筒壁面有少量EP2黏附,其余位置均为空腔;且在黏性力、重力及离心力相互作用下,EP2不能均匀地流出,致使迷宫密封上部缺少油脂润滑,从而导致迷宫密封被渣土侵入而失效。The main drive sealing system of the shield machine is prone to muck invasion under harsh working conditions,leading to seal failure.However,current research on the invasion of muck into the seal is insufficient,and research on the lubrication of the main drive seal are limited to reduced-scale model experiments and simulation methods,lacking real machine tests and simulation.By establishing a∅2 m-class main drive seal lubrication test bench and constructing a full-scale grid model,the flow and diffusion of dynamically rotating EP2 grease in the labyrinth seal chamber under various factors such as different rotation speeds,seal types,and eccentricity,were explored through experimental methods.A full-scale test bench grid model was constructed,and the sliding mesh method was used to simulate the rotation and diffusion of EP2 in the labyrinth seal chamber.The experimental results were compared to verify the accuracy of numerical simulation.The experimental results show that the arc length of EP2 grease diffusion increases with the increase of rotation speed and eccentricity,but compared with eccentricity,the impact of the main drive rotation speed on the grease diffusion arc length is smaller.Under the same eccentricity and main drive rotation speed,the sealing performance of the staggered labyrinth seal is better than that of the straight-through labyrinth seal.According to industry experience,when the single mouth grease injection volume is set to 3.4 mL/min,only a small amount of EP2 adheres to the inner and outer cylinder walls in the labyrinth seal chamber,with the rest being empty cavities.And it is difficult for EP2 to flow out from the top of the labyrinth seal chamber.Under the interaction of viscous force,gravity,and centrifugal force,EP2 cannot flow out evenly,resulting in a lack of grease lubrication in the upper part of the labyrinth seal,which leads to the failure of the labyrinth seal due to the invasion of muck.

关 键 词：盾构机 迷宫密封 油脂流动 滑移网格 唇形密封 

分 类 号：TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论] U455.3[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]