兴伊措古生态记录揭示的近300年来气候变化及人类活动对青藏高原东南缘湖泊的影响  

Palaeoecological record revealed impacts of climate change and human activities on Lake Xingyicuo,southeastern Tibetan Plateau over the last 300 years

作　　者：仇恒帅 王荣[2] 赵雁捷 朱可欣 郑佳楠 郑文秀 刘阳 胡捷 梅雪英[1] Qiu Hengshuai;Wang Rong;Zhao Yanjie;Zhu Kexin;Zheng Jianan;Zheng Wenxiu;Liu Yang;Hu Jie;Mei Xueying(College of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,P.R.China;State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 211135,P.R.China;School of Geography and Marine Science,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,P.R.China;College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Hubei Normal University,Huangshi 435002,P.R.China;Chaohu Meteorological Bureau,Hefei 238000,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,南京211135 [3]南京大学地球与海洋科学学院,南京210023 [4]湖北师范大学城市与环境学院,黄石435002 [5]巢湖市气象局,合肥238000

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2025年第1期318-327,共10页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF0801100);国家自然科学基金项目(42171163);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(Y7CJH11001)联合资助。

摘　　要：青藏高原是生态系统响应全球变化研究的热点区域。目前,对该区域水生生物群落如何响应气候变化和人类活动的认识还存在不足,需要更多的研究案例。本研究以古湖沼学手段研究了青藏高原东南部的兴伊措过去300年来的湖泊生态系统演变历程。研究结果显示,1930年之前沉积钻孔中生物指标硅藻以及理化指标变化不大,表明湖泊及其流域环境变化较为有限。1930年以来,该湖泊流域风化和侵蚀持续增加,湖泊营养水平上升。研究时间段内,硅藻群落中优势属种变化不明显,但稀有硅藻属种在1930年后出现显著变化。该研究认为,气候变化是兴伊措流域风化、侵蚀增加的主要原因,人类放牧活动可能加剧了气候变化的影响。当前的环境变化尚未对兴伊措水生生态系统优势类群造成显著影响,但湖泊中稀有属种自1930年以来的快速响应表明如果环境压力持续增加,未来该区域湖泊生态系统可能面临突变风险。Tibetan Plateau is particularly sensitive to climate change and is a hotspot for studying ecosystem responses to global change.Currently,there is much controversy surrounding studies of aquatic biota response to climate change in this region,requiring further investigation.In our study,the evolution of the lake ecosystem over the last 300 years was investigated by paleolimnological methods in Lake Xingyicuo on the southeastern Tibetan Plateau.The results showed that the lake and surrounding environment had undergone limited changes before 1930.Since 1930,weathering and erosion had increased in the area leading to increased nutrient levels in the lake.Principal component analysis revealed significant ecological changes in rare diatom species after 1930,while the dominant species remained stable.Our study indicated that climate change was the primary cause of increased weathering and erosion in the Lake Xingyicuo watershed,with human grazing activities having a possible exacerbating effect.Although the current environmental changes have not yet caused significant changes in the aquatic ecosystems,our studies found rare species in the lakes responded quickly to climate changes since the 1930s.In the future,the lake ecosystems in this region may face a risk of rapid change if environmental pressures continue to increase.

关 键 词：古湖沼学 稀有属种 侵蚀 全球变化 硅藻 兴伊措 

分 类 号：P343.3[天文地球—水文科学] P467[天文地球—地球物理学]