摇摆、时间压力对DCS操作员监视绩效和工作负荷的影响  

Effects of vibration and time pressure on monitoring performance and workload of operators in DCS

作　　者：胡鸿[1] 武江 张勉 沈超 易灿南[1] 赵彩俊[1] HU Hong;WU Jiang;ZHANG Mian;SHEN Chao;YI Cannan;ZHAO Caijun(School of Safety and Management Engineering,Hunan Institute of Engineering,Hengyang Hunan 421002,China;China Nuclear Power Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen Guangdong 518000,China;School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang Hunan 421001,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南工学院安全与管理工程学院,湖南衡阳421002 [2]中广核研究院有限公司,深圳广东518000 [3]南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳421001

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2024年第11期9-16,共8页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助(2024JJ5122,2020JJ4263);大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202411528046,S202411528064)。

摘　　要：为了解摇摆、时间压力对数字化控制系统(DCS)操作员监视作业的影响,降低人因失误,设计监视试验获得摇摆(静止、低和高)和时间压力(无时间压力和有时间压力)条件下操作员监视绩效和工作负荷;运用统计学方法分析摇摆和时间压力对监视绩效和工作负荷的影响。结果表明:摇摆对监视绩效(监视时间和正确率)和工作负荷影响均不显著,但随着摇摆级别的增加,监视时间和工作负荷呈现上升趋势;时间压力显著影响监视时间和工作负荷,但对正确率影响不显著;监视任务中,状态确认任务用时显著多于数据比较任务,但正确率差异不显著。摇摆条件下DCS操作员监视绩效和工作负荷与静止条件基本一致;有时间压力条件下,DCS操作员监视工作负荷较大,但监视时间较短。To explore the effects of vibration and time pressure on monitoring tasks in DCS and reduce human error,a monitoring experiment was designed to measure the monitoring performance and workload under vibration conditions(static,low and high)and time pressure conditions(no time pressure and time pressure).Statistical methods were used to explore the influence of vibration and time pressure on the monitoring performance and workload.The results show that the vibration(monitoring time and accuracy)has no significant effect on monitoring performance.Both the monitoring time and the workload show rising trends with the increase of the vibrating level.The time pressure has a significant impact on monitoring time and workload,but has no significant impact on accuracy.The monitoring time in the state confirmation task is significantly longer than that of data comparison,but the accuracy difference is not significant.The monitoring performance and workload of DCS operators in the vibrating condition are basically the same as that in the static condition.In the time-pressure condition,the DCS operators'workload is heavy,but the monitoring time is short.

关 键 词：摇摆 时间压力 数字化控制系统(DCS) 操作员 监视绩效 工作负荷 

分 类 号：X912.9[环境科学与工程—安全科学]