国际标准化组织(ISO)之“道”与“术”——兼论作为非正式国际替代规则的ISO标准与全球治理  

The“Way”and“Art”of the International Organization for Standardization(ISO)——ISO Standards as Informal International Alternative Rules and Global Governance

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作  者:吴楚严 WU Chu-yan(Europa Znstituter,Saarland University)

机构地区:[1]德国萨尔大学欧洲研究中心

出  处:《标准科学》2024年第S02期92-101,146,共11页Standard Science

摘  要:相比于其他国际组织,国际标准化组织(ISO)在全球化进程与全球治理中虽发挥了巨大作用,却相对鲜为人知。ISO通过国际标准的制定,以一种隐于公众视线之外的方式引导全球治理,其行事有其“道”与“术”。ISO运作之“道”体现于其自愿协商机制,在“术”上,ISO呈现出内部的“组织中的组织”之架构、以中央秘书处为首的议程制定权以及外部与其他国际标准化机构有所分工的标准合作。我国为ISO的创始成员国之一,亦是ISO理事会的常任理事国,深入理解ISO的发展历程及运作机制,或可为我国更加广泛参与全球治理提供有益借鉴,以逐步实现党的二十大报告提出的“统筹推进国内法治与涉外法治”目标。Compared with other international organizations,the International Organization for Standardization(ISO)has played a great role in the globalization process and global governance,but it is relatively little known.ISO guides global governance through the development of international standards in a way that is hidden from public view,and it has its own“ways”and“techniques”of acting.This paper analyzes Craig and Yates's work in the field of global governance.Through the research and examination of Craig and Yates on ISO,this paper points out that the“way”of ISO's operation is embodied in its voluntary negotiation mechanism,while in terms of“technique”,ISO presents an internal“organization within an organization”structure,a centralized organization,and a centralized organization with a central committee,and a centralized organization with a central committee.In terms of“technique”,ISO presents an internal“organizations in organizations”structure,agenda-setting power headed by the central secretariat,and external standards cooperation with other international standardization bodies with division of labor.As one of the founding members of ISO and a permanent member of the ISO Council,an in-depth understanding of ISO's development history and operational mechanism may provide useful reference for China's wider participation in global governance,with a view to gradually realizing the goal of“integrating the promotion of the rule of law at the national level with the rule of law in relation to foreign affairs”as put forward in the report of the Twentieth National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

关 键 词:国际标准化组织(ISO) 全球治理 自愿协商机制 标准制定 非政府组织 

分 类 号:F203[经济管理—国民经济]

 

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