测绘地理信息技术在自然资源调查中的应用  

Application of surveying and mapping geographic information technologies in natural resource surveys

作　　者：霍景焕 刘志友 HUO Jinghuan;LIU Zhiyou(Qinghai Provincial Surveying and Mapping Quality Supervision and Inspection Center,Xining,Qinghai 810000,China;No.3 Exploration Institute of Geology Resources of Qinghai Province,Xining,Qinghai 810029,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省测绘质量监督检验中心,青海西宁810000 [2]青海省第三地质勘查院,青海西宁810029

出　　处：《北京测绘》2024年第12期1645-1651,共7页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

摘　　要：自然资源调查工作往往涉及多个行政区域或地理单元,易产生调查目标、范围与内容等信息交叉与重复的问题,影响后续决策和规划的制定。为此,本文以多种测绘地理信息技术为基础,探讨了自然资源调查的新思路。首先,基于测绘地理信息技术构建调查数据库;然后,利用遥感测绘技术采集自然资源遥感影像,划分影像类别并叠加遥感影像矢量数据与数据库内的栅格数据图层,通过整合多个数据源,提供全面、准确、一致的自然资源信息视图;最后,基于地理信息系统(GIS)开发外业信息采集应用程序,结合全球定位系统(GPS)定位自然资源。实验结果显示:应用该方法后,各类自然资源遥感影像分类结果的斯皮尔曼(Spearman)相关系数均高于0.95。这说明该方法可以有效分析自然资源变化情况。分区覆盖面积同标准分区覆盖面积差异低于0.5 km2。Natural resource surveys often involve multiple administrative regions or geographical units,which can lead to overlapping and repetitive information on survey objectives,scope,and content,thus affecting subsequent decision-making and planning.Therefore,this paper explored new ideas for natural resource surveys based on various surveying and mapping geographic information technologies.Firstly,a survey database was constructed based on surveying and mapping geographic information technologies.Secondly,by using remote sensing surveying and mapping technology,natural resource remote sensing images were collected,classified,and overlaid with vector data of remote sensing images and raster data layers in the database.By integrating multiple data sources,the paper provided a comprehensive,accurate,and consistent view of natural resource information.Finally,a field information collection application was developed based on a geographic information system(GIS)and combined with a global positioning system(GPS)to locate natural resources.The experimental results show that after applying this method,the Spearman correlation coefficients of the classification results of various natural resource remote sensing images are all higher than 0.95,indicating that this method can effectively analyze the changes in natural resources.The difference between the coverage area of the partition and the standard partition is less than 0.5 km2.

关 键 词：测绘地理信息 遥感影像采集 稀疏描述特征 地理信息系统(GIS) 空间分析 全球定位系统(GPS) 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]