Genetic Diversity and Combining Ability of Developed Maize Lines to Realize Heterotic and High Yielding Hybrids for Arid Conditions  

作　　者：Mohamed MKamara Fatmah A.Safhi Nora M.Al Aboud Maha Aljabri Samah A.Alharbi Hesham S.Ghazzawy Mohammed O.Alshaharni Eman Fayad Wessam F.Felemban Diaa Abd El-Moneim Abdallah A.Hassanin Imen Ben Abdelmalek Abdelraouf MAli Elsayed Mansour 

机构地区：[1]Department of Agronomy,Faculty of Agriculture,Kafrelsheikh University,Kafr El-Sheikh,33516,Egypt [2]Department of Biology,College of Science,Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,11671,Saudi Arabia [3]Department of Biology,Faculty of Science,Umm Al-Qura University,Makkah,24372,Saudi Arabia [4]Date Palm Research Center of Excellence,King Faisal University,Al-Ahsa,31982,Saudi Arabia [5]Central Laboratory for Date Palm Research and Development,Agriculture Research Center,Giza,12511,Egypt [6]Biology Department,College of Science,King Khalid University,Abha,61321,Saudi Arabia [7]Department of Biotechnology,College of Sciences,Taif University,Taif,21944,Saudi Arabia [8]Department of Biological Sciences,Faculty of Science,King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,21589,Saudi Arabia [9]Immunology Unit,King Fahd Medical Research Center,King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,21589,Saudi Arabia [10]Department of Plant Production(Genetic Branch),Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences,Arish University,El-Arish,45511,Egypt [11]Genetics Department,Faculty of Agriculture,Zagazig University,Zagazig,44511,Egypt [12]Department of Biology,College of Science,Buraydah,51452,Saudi Arabia [13]National Authority for Remote Sensing and Space Sciences(NARSS),Al-Nozha Al-Gedida,Cairo,P.O.Box 1564,Egypt [14]Department of Crop Science,Faculty of Agriculture,Zagazig University,Zagazig,44519,Egypt

出　　处：《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》2024年第12期3465-3485,共21页国际实验植物学杂志（英文）

基　　金：supported by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2024R318);Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University for funding this work through Large Research Project under grant number RGP2/342/45;supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research,Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research,King Faisal University,Saudi Arabia(KFU241870).

摘　　要：Developing high-yield maize hybrids is critical for sustaining maize production,especially in the face of rapid climate changes and the growing global population.Exploring the genetic diversity and combining ability in parental inbreds is needed for developing such high-yielding hybrids.Consequently,this study aimed at evaluating parental genetic diversity employing simple sequence repeats(SSR)markers,estimating effects of general(GCA)and specific(SCA)combining abilities for grain yield and yield contributing characters,identifying high yielding hybrids,and evaluating the association of SCA effects and performance of hybrids with genetic distance.Half-diallel mating scheme was utilized to develop 21 F_(1) hybrids from seven diverse maize inbred lines.The F_(1) hybrids along with check hybrid(SC-10),were investigated in a field trial over two growing seasons under arid conditions.The assessed F_(1) hybrids displayed significant genetic variations across all recorded traits.The inbreds P_(1) and P_(3) were detected as effective combiners to develop early maturing hybrids.Additionally,P_(3) and P_(4) were recognized as better combiners for improving grain yield and yield attributed characters.The hybrids P_(1)×P_(5) and P_(4)×P_(7) displayed significant SCA effects coupled with favorable agronomic performance.These hybrids are recommended for further evaluation and release as variety for arid environments to increase total maize production and contribute to food security.The alleles per locus differed between 2 and 5,with average of 3.5 alleles/locus.The polymorphic information content(PIC)altered between 0.21 to 0.74,with a mean of 0.56.Unweighted neighbor-joining tree grouped the inbred lines into three clusters,providing a valuable tool to decrease the crosses needed to be assessed in the trial field.Parental genetic distance varied from 0.63 to 0.90,averaging 0.79.The relationship between genetic diversity assessed through SSR markers and SCA effects was insignificant for all considered traits.Otherwise,SCA de

关 键 词：Arid environment adaptation maize breeding sustainable maize production hybrid performance combining ability genetic diversity 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]