壳聚糖基氮掺杂活性炭的制备及其性能  

Preparation and properties of chitosan-based nitrogen-doped activated carbon

作　　者：王虹[1,2] 冯银豹 刘硕[1,2] 陈子尚 李建新 WANG Hong;FENG Yinbao;LIU Shuo;CHEN Zishang;LI Jianxin(State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Tiangong University,Tianjin 300387,China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学省部共建分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室,天津300387 [2]天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院,天津300387

出　　处：《天津工业大学学报》2024年第6期44-50,共7页Journal of Tiangong University

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2020YFA0211000)。

摘　　要：为了制备高氮含量的氮掺杂活性炭(N-AC),以壳聚糖为原料、KOH为活化剂,采用碱活化法原位制备氮掺杂活性炭。通过比表面积分析(BET)、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)和X-射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征氮掺杂活性炭的结构及组分,并分析氮掺杂活性炭的电化学性能,研究碱炭比及炭化温度对氮掺杂活性炭物理性能和电化学性能的影响。结果表明:氮掺杂活性炭的石墨化程度随碱炭比的增加而降低,随炭化温度的增加而增加;氮掺杂活性炭的比表面积随着碱炭比的增加而增加,随炭化温度增加先增大后减小,而含氮质量分数随之减小;氮掺杂活性炭的最佳制备条件为碱炭比0.5∶1,炭化温度700℃,此时氮掺杂活性炭N-AC-0.5-700的比表面积为798 m2/g,总氮质量分数为3.52%,并含有较高比例的无序碳含量,其电极具有最佳的电化学活性、最小的电子传输阻力及最佳的氧还原性能,相比普通椰壳活性炭电极的电化学及氧还原性能均有较大提升。To prepare nitrogen doped activated carbon(N-AC)with a high nitrogen content,nitrogen-doped activated carbon was prepared in situ by alkali activation method using chitosan as raw material and KOH as an activator.The structure and components of the nitrogen-doped activated carbon were tested by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis(BET),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and X-ray photoelectron spectrometry(XPS).The electrochemical performance of N-AC was analyzed,and the effects of alkali-to-carbon ratio and carbonization temperature on the physical properties and electrochemical properties of N-AC were investigated.The experimental results show that the degree of graphitization of N-AC decreases with an increase in the alkaline carbon ratio,while it increases with an increase in the carbonisation temperature;the specific surface area of N-AC increases with the increase of the alkali-to-carbon ratio,initially increasing and then decreasing with the increase of carbonization temperature,while the nitrogen content mass fraction decreases accordingly.The optimal preparation conditions for N-AC are an alkali-to-carbon ratio of 0.5∶1 and a carbonization temperature of 700℃.Under these conditions,the N-AC-0.5-700 exhibits a specific surface area of 798 m2/g,a total nitrogen content of 3.52%,and a higher proportion of amorphous carbon.The electrode exhibits the most favourable electrochemical activity,minimal electron transfer resistance and optimal oxygen reduction performance when compared with a conventional coconut shell activated carbon electrode,thereby demonstrating considerable enhancements in electrochemical and oxygen reduction performance.

关 键 词：壳聚糖 氮掺杂活性炭 碱炭比 炭化温度 电化学性能 

分 类 号：TQ424.1[化学工程]