量子磁力仪技术研究与应用  

Research and application of quantum magnetometers

作　　者：汪孟珂 白萱瑶 龙云 朱上果[1,3,4,5] 蒲明博 罗先刚[1,3,4] WANG Mengke;BAI Xuanyao;LONG Yun;ZHU Shangguo;PU Mingbo;LUO Xian’gang(State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies on Nano-Fabrication and Micro-Engineering,Institute of Optics and Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610209,China;Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China;College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;National Key Laboratory of Optical Field Manipulation Science and Technology,Institute of Optics and Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610209,China;Research Center on Vector Optical Fields,Institute of Optics and Electronics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610209,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院光电技术研究所微细加工光学技术国家重点实验室,四川成都610209 [2]电子科技大学基础与前沿研究院,四川成都611731 [3]中国科学院大学材料科学与光电技术学院,北京100049 [4]中国科学院光场调控科学技术全国重点实验室,四川成都610209 [5]中国科学院光电技术研究所矢量光场研究中心,四川成都610209

出　　处：《中国测试》2024年第12期1-12,44,共13页China Measurement & Test

基　　金：中国科学院青年创新促进会(2023399);四川省科技计划项目(2024YFHZ0016)。

摘　　要：量子磁力仪是一种利用量子效应进行高精度磁场测量的仪器。随着量子技术的进步和应用需求的增长,量子磁力仪在航空航天、地球科学、地质勘探、生物医疗和前沿探索等多个研究领域的重要性日益凸显。该文详细介绍量子磁力仪特别是基于热原子系综的原子磁力仪的工作原理、性能及前沿应用。为梳理各类磁力仪的性能特点,首先,从测量的物理过程出发对量子磁力仪分类介绍,简述各类型磁力仪的基本原理与特点;然后,归纳关键技术指标和性能提升方法;最后,对量子磁力仪的发展趋势进行展望。Quantum magnetometers are advanced instruments that leverage quantum effects to measure magnetic fields with exceptional precision.With the advancement of quantum technology and growin application demands,quantum magnetometers have become increasingly important in fields such as aerospace,earth sciences,geological exploration,biomedical research,and frontier exploration.In this review,the working principles,performance,and cutting-edge applications of quantum magnetometers,particularly atomic magnetometers based on thermal atomic ensembles,are introduced.Quantum magnetometers are classified based on the physical processes of measurement,and the basic principles and characteristics of each type are summarized.Key technical indicators and methods for performance improvement are outlined,and future development trends are discussed.

关 键 词：量子磁力仪 光泵浦 拉莫尔进动 

分 类 号：TB9[一般工业技术—计量学] TM936[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]