基于冷分子的精密测量:电子电偶极矩与拓展研究进展  

Research progress on precision measurements based on cold molecules:eEDM and beyond

作　　者：杨守康 颜波 YANG Shoukang;YAN Bo(Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Quantum Chips and Quantum Control,School of Physics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310027,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学物理学院全省微纳量子芯片与量子调控重点实验室,浙江杭州310027

出　　处：《中国测试》2024年第12期13-19,共7页China Measurement & Test

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12425408)。

摘　　要：冷原子物理极大推动了精密测量技术的发展,也开辟了冷分子领域。随着技术不断突破,激光冷却分子在过去二十年里取得长足发展,多种分子成功被激光冷却和囚禁,相空间密度和有效相互作用时间大大提高,为精密测量实验提供优越的硬件基础,基于冷分子的精密测量走上历史舞台。对于一些特定的物理量,尤其是和电场相关的量,基于冷分子的精密测量可以获得更高的精度。文章首先介绍用分子开展电子永久电偶极矩精密测量的方案,再以一氟化钡分子为例介绍激光冷却、囚禁极性分子的相关理论、技术和一些进展,并展望冷分子在精密测量方面的其他应用。Cold atom physics has played a crucial role in advancing precision measurement techniques and has also paved the way for the exploration of cold molecule physics.Over the past two decades,significant strides have been made in laser cooling of molecules,allowing various species of molecules to be cooled and trapped.These advancements have greatly enhanced phase-space density and extended interaction times,providing ideal samples for precision measurement.For certain quantities,especially those related to electric fields,precision measurements based on cold molecules can achieve unprecedented accuracy.This paper first outlines a methodology for precision measurement of the electron’s permanent electric dipole moment using molecules.It then,using barium monofluoride as an example,discusses the underlying theory,techniques,and recent developments in the laser cooling and trapping of polar molecules.Finally,the paper explores the potential for cold molecules in other areas of precision measurement.

关 键 词：激光冷却 冷分子 精密测量 电子永久电偶极矩 

分 类 号：TB9[一般工业技术—计量学]