成都古城遗址土壤中真菌群落结构分析及防治研究  

Deteriorative fungi community in the soil of Chengdu ancient city heritage site and their control

作　　者：张楚帆 秦芳楠 杨盛 周智威 吕杉 劳光杰 吴饶 文孝梅 贾庆楠 孙群[1,3] 谭雪梅[1,3] ZHANG Chufan;QIN Fangnan;YANG Sheng;ZHOU Zhiwei;LÜShan;LAO Guangjie;WU Rao;WEN Xiaomei;JIA Qingnan;SUN Qun;TAN Xuemei(Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China;Cultural Relics and Archaeology Institute of Sichuan,Chengdu 610042,China;Center for Archaeological Science,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]四川大学生命科学学院生物资源与生态环境教育部重点实验室,四川成都610064 [2]四川省文物考古研究院,四川成都610042 [3]四川大学考古科学中心,成都610064

出　　处：《中国测试》2024年第12期132-138,共7页China Measurement & Test

基　　金：四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2021YFS0400);四川大学考古科学中心基金(23SASA03)。

摘　　要：成都古城东华门遗址是我国重要的城市遗址中心,现场调查发现遗址表面发生了严重的真菌腐蚀,因此对遗址真菌防治研究迫在眉睫。该研究采集东华门遗址典型病害的土壤样本,培养分离出16株真菌菌株,通过形态观察和分子生物学鉴定为7个属,包括Alternaria、Fusarium、Mortierella、Mucor、Penicillium、Talaromyces和Phoma属,筛选出6株产酸产酶能力较强的Alternaria、Fusarium、Mucor、Penicillium菌株为关键腐蚀菌;以此6株菌为靶标菌株筛选抑菌剂,通过最小抑菌浓度(MIC)测定发现,氯己定、DCOIT、制霉菌素及苯扎氯铵能够抑制真菌生长,其中氯己定、制霉菌素高效抑制关键腐蚀真菌Penicillium属和Mucor属生长(MIC≤15.625 mg/L),DCOIT对Mucor属真菌抑制效果较弱(MIC≥62.5 mg/L)。该结果可为东华门遗址真菌防治提供科学依据。The Donghuamen Site is an important urban heritage center in Chengdu,China,while the serious fungal corrosion occurred on the surface of the site during the field investigation,so it is urgent to study the fungal corrosion and its control.The soil of typical diseases on the surface of Donghuamen Site was collected and 16 strains were isolated.Through morphological observation and molecular sequencing,seven genera were identified,including Alternaria,Fusarium,Mortierella,Mucor,Penicillium,Talaromyces and Phoma,among which 6 strains of Alternaria,Fusarium,Mucor,Penicillium with high abundance and strong acid and enzyme producing capacity were selected as the key corrosion strains respectively.Chlorhexidine and nystatin notably inhibited the growth of key corrosive fungi Penicillium and Mucor(MIC≤15.625 mg/L),indicating their effective antifungal effect,while the inhibition DCOIT against Mucor was weak(MIC≥62.5 mg/L).These results provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of fungal corrosion in the stone culture relics like the Donghumen Site in Chengdu.

关 键 词：东华门遗址 真菌 微生物病害 最小抑菌浓度 

分 类 号：TB9[一般工业技术—计量学] Q93-331[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]