黔西北地区优势鲜食玉米资源筛选试验  

Screening experiment on superior fresh corn varieties in northwest of Guizhou Province

作　　者：王永 曾铭 王彩云 成忠均 袁洁 周茂嫦 徐庆祝 张翔宇 WANG Yong;ZENG Ming;WANG Caiyun;CHENG Zhongjun;YUAN Jie;ZHOU Maochang;XU Qingzhu;ZHANG Xiangyu(Bijie Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Bijie Guizhou 551700,China;Bijie Science and Technology Innovation and Development Center,Bijie Guizhou 551700,China)

机构地区：[1]毕节市中药研究所,贵州毕节551700 [2]毕节市科学技术创新发展中心,贵州毕节551700

出　　处：《农业工程》2024年第12期50-56,共7页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

基　　金：贵州省人才基地建设项目(RCJD2020-21);毕节市第三批人才团队项目“优势中药材研发创新团队”(毕委人领办通[2023]16号)。

摘　　要：为筛选黔西北地区优势鲜食玉米品种,收集10个品种进行对比试验,定期调查各品种生育期、植株性状、农艺性状,测定光合速率及产量。10个鲜食玉米品种生育期在112~138 d之间,粤多彩鲜糯生育期最短,为112 d;粤甜328生育期最长,为138 d。给定光强1 250 lx下,粤甜168光合速率最高,达到(31.88±0.85)μmol/(m^(2)·s);其次是粤甜328,(29.63±0.36)μmol/(m^(2)·s)。各供试品种光合速率排序为粤甜168>粤甜328>粤甜415>粤甜41>粤白糯6>粤彩糯2>粤多彩鲜糯>粤白甜糯10>粤白甜糯7>粤白甜糯168。粤甜168产量最高,达13 888.05 kg/hm^(2);其次是粤甜328,为12 878.40 kg/hm^(2)。各供试品种产量排序为粤甜168>粤甜328>粤白糯6>粤甜415>粤甜41>粤白甜糯10>粤多彩鲜糯>粤白甜糯168>粤彩糯2>粤白甜糯7。结果表明,粤甜168和粤甜328的果穗美观、光合速率快、产量较高及综合性状表现较好,可作为优质高产鲜食玉米品种在气候相似地区推广种植。In order to screen superior fresh corn varieties in northwest of Guizhou Province,10 varieties were collected for experiments.Growth period,plant characteristics,agronomic traits,photosynthetic rate,and yield of each variety were investigated.Growth period of 10 fresh corn varieties was between 112 and 138 days,with Yueduocaixiannuo having the shortest growth period of 112 days;Yuetian328 has the longest growth period of 138 days.Under a given light intensity of 1250 lx,Yuetian168 had the highest photosynthetic rate of(31.88±0.85)μmol/(m^(2)·s),followed by Yuetian328 of(29.63±0.36)μmol/(m^(2)·s).Photosynthetic rate ranking of each tested variety was:Yuetian168>Yuetian328>Yuetian415>Yuetian41>Yuebainuo6>Yuecainuo2>Yueduocaixiannuo>Yuebaitiannuo10>Yuebaitiannuo7>Yuebaitiannuo168.Yuetian168 had the highest yield of 13888.05 kg/hm^(2),followed by Yuetian328 of 12878.40 kg/hm^(2).Yield ranking of each tested variety was:Yuetian168>Yuetian328>Yuebainuo6>Yuetian415>Yuetian41>Yuebaitiannuo10>Yueduocaixiannuo>Yuebaitiannuo168>Yuecainuo2>Yuebaitiannuo7.Results indicated that Yuetian168 and Yuetian328 have beautiful ears,fast photosynthetic rates,higher yields,and better overall traits.They can be promoted as high-quality and high-yield fresh corn varieties in similar climatic regions.

关 键 词：鲜食玉米 引种 种质资源 光合作用 农艺性状 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]