理化性质和结构介导下碳基材料吸附有机污染物的研究进展  

Research Progress on Adsorption of Organic Pollutants by Carbon-Based Materials Mediated by Physiochemical Properties and Structures

作　　者：梁妮[1] 芦梦 王晨晖 李明富 陈全 吴敏[1] LIANG Ni;LU Meng;WANG Chenhui;LI Mingfu;CHEN Quan;WU Min(Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Kunming Academy of Agricultural Science,Kunming 650034,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650500 [2]昆明市农业科学研究院,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《昆明理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第6期143-157,共15页Journal of Kunming University of Science and Technology(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42167055);云南省省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202210674060).

摘　　要：有机污染物伴随着工农业生产活动大量进入环境,大多数有机污染物可吸附于天然或人工碳基材料上,除了表观的非理想吸附行为以外,在环境影响因素的复杂影响下还存在多种吸附机制共存等问题,多年来一直是环境领域研究的热点.将理论计算与实验研究结合可以高效地探究碳基材料的结构对其吸附有机污染物的影响并从微观角度解释吸附机制.通过理论计算对碳基颗粒物的二维平面、三维孔道和基体进行描述,为理解碳基材料吸附有机污染物的过程及作用机制提供更全面的信息.本文从碳基材料的理化性质和结构两大角度出发,总结了天然及人工碳基材料吸附有机污染物的机制及过程,具体阐述了碳基材料的理化性质(元素组成、官能团种类、pH值及表面电荷性质)对其吸附有机污染物的影响,重点对比分析了二维(重点关注碳基材料平面结构)和三维结构(重点关注碳基材料内部孔隙结构及团聚体)介导下碳基材料吸附有机污染物的机制及过程,最后对如何更加准确描述碳基材料吸附有机污染物的过程作了展望,旨在为充分理解有机污染物的环境行为和推进碳基材料的实际工程应用提供理论基础.Large amounts of organic contaminants enter the environment along with industrial and agricultural production activities,most of which could be adsorbed on natural or artificial carbon-based materials.In addition to the apparent non-ideal adsorption behavior,queries such as the coexistence of numerous adsorption mechanisms under the complex impact of environmental factors have been a hot topic in the environmental field for many years.The combination of theoretical calculation and experimental study can effectively explore the influence of the structure of carbon-based materials on their adsorption of organic pollutants and explain the adsorption mechanism from the microscopic perspective.The two-dimensional plane,three-dimensional pore and matrix of carbon-based particles are described by theoretical calculation,which provides more comprehensive information for understanding the process and mechanism of adsorption of organic pollutants by carbon-based materials.Based on the physicochemical properties and structure of carbon-based materials,this paper summarizes the mechanism and process of adsorption of organic contaminants by natural and artificial carbon-based materials and describes the effects of physicochemical properties of carbon-based materials(element composition,functional group type,pH value and surface charge properties)on their adsorption of organic pollutants.The mechanism and process of adsorption of organic contaminants by carbon-based materials under the mediation of two-dimensional(focusing on the plane structure of carbon-based materials)and three-dimensional structures(focusing on the internal pore structure and aggregate of carbon-based materials)are analyzed.Finally,the prospects for describing the process of organic pollutant adsorption by carbon-based materials more accurately are proposed.The intensive study will provide a theoretical basis for fully understanding organic pollutants'environmental behavior and advancing practical engineering applications for carbon-based materials.

关 键 词：碳基材料 有机污染物 相互作用 吸附机制 

分 类 号：X505[环境科学与工程—环境工程] TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工] TQ424