大豆-玉米带状间作模式的产量及效益分析  

Yield and Economic Benefit of Maize-Soybean Intercropping

作　　者：崔婷 陈香兰 张专 李治国 张腾飞 刘峰 汤彬[3] 陈志辉[3] CUI Ting;CHEN Xiang-lan;ZHANG Zhuan;LI Zhi-guo;ZHANG Teng-fei;LIU Feng;TANG Bin;CHEN Zhi-hui(Nanxian County Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yiyang 413200,PRC;Yisuhe Town Integrated Agricultural Service Center,Xiangtan 411228,PRC;Crop Research Institute of Hunan Province,Changsha 410125,PRC)

机构地区：[1]南县农业农村局,湖南益阳413200 [2]湘潭县易俗河镇农业综合服务中心,湖南湘潭411228 [3]湖南省作物研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2024年第12期32-36,共5页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省农业科技创新资金项目(2024CX126);湖南省旱粮产业技术体系(HARS-02);国家玉米产业技术体系长沙综合试验站(CARS-02)。

摘　　要：为推动大豆玉米兼容发展,持续推广适宜机械化生产的大豆-玉米带状复合种植模式,于2022年5—9月在南县罗文村开展大豆、玉米单作和大豆-玉米带状间作(行比6∶4)小区对比试验,分析单作和带状间作模式下的大豆、玉米产量性状及不同种植模式的经济效益。结果表明:大豆-玉米带状间作与单作大豆相比,大豆的生育期没有变化,单株有效分枝数、单株有效荚数和单株粒数显著降低,降幅分别为8.66%、6.22%、13.72%,大豆产量下降49.76%;与单作玉米相比,玉米的生育期短2 d,穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数和出籽率差异不显著,分别减少4.3%、1.28%、3.58%、2.69%和0.91%,单穗粒重显著降低6.1%,籽粒产量下降8.89%;产值为25878元/hm^(2),较大豆、玉米单作分别增加31.49%、47.45%;经济效益为12888元/hm^(2),较大豆、玉米单作分别增加16.42%、70.14%。To promote the compatible development and mechanical production of soybean and maize,a comparative experiment was conducted in Luowen Village,Nanxian County from May to September in 2022.The treatments included maize monocropping,soybean monocropping,and maize-soybean intercropping(four rows of maize and six rows of soybean).The yield traits of maize and soybean and the economic benefits of monocropping and intercropping were analyzed.The results showed that compared with monocropped soybean,intercropped soybean did not present changes in the growth period,while it showed significant reductions of 8.66%,6.22%,and 13.72%in the number of effective branches per plant,number of effective pods per plant,and number of seeds per plant,respectively,with the yield decreasing by 49.76%.Compared with monocropped maize,intercropped maize showed a reduction in the growth period by 2 days.Moreover,the ear length,ear diameter,number of kernel rows,kernels per row,and kernel setting rate of intercropped maize decreased by 4.3%,1.28%,3.58%,2.69%,and 0.91%,respectively,while these decreases were not statistically significant.The kernel weight per ear and kernel yield of intercropped maize decreased by 6.1%and 8.89%,respectively,compared with those in the monocropping system.The output value of the intercropping system were 25878 yuan per hectare,representing increases of 31.49%and 47.45%compared with that of intercropped soybean and intercropped maize,respectively.The economic benefit of the intercropping system was 12888 yuan per hectare,representing the growth rates of 16.42%and 70.14%compared with those of monocropped soybean and monocropped maize,respectively.

关 键 词：大豆 玉米 间作 产量 经济效益 

分 类 号：S318[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]