塔什萨依河生态基流量估算研究  

Study on the estimation of ecological basedischarge in Tashisai River

作　　者：赵琪 ZHAO Qi(Hydrology Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830099,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区水文局,新疆乌鲁木齐830099

出　　处：《水利发展研究》2024年第12期138-145,共8页Water Resources Development Research

摘　　要：生态基流作为河流生态系统稳定和生物多样性保护的关键,对维持河流生态环境的功能和结构起着至关重要的作用。本研究以塔什萨依河为案例,深入分析并计算了河流生态基流,旨在提供确保河流生态稳定和满足生态用水需求的科学依据。通过多年实测天然径流数据,本研究采用了Tennant法、最枯月平均流量多年平均值法、Qp法、湿周法等多种方法对塔什萨依河引水枢纽断面的生态基流进行了综合评估。研究结果显示:(1)在非汛期,塔什萨依河生态基流为0.202 m^(3)/s,而在汛期为1.21 m^(3)/s;(2)通过比较和评估各方法计算结果,全年该河段均能满足河道生态基流标准;(3)实际径流量普遍超过了生态基流量标准,其中生态基流满足度超过0.9,达标率超80%,显示了塔什萨依河在现行管理和自然条件下对生态基流的较高满足度。这些结果为塔什萨依河及类似河流的生态保护和水资源管理提供了重要的科学依据。Ecological basedischarge,as the key to the stability of river ecosystems and the protection of biodiversity,plays a crucial role in maintaining the function and structure of river ecological environment.This study takes the Tashisai River as a case study to analyze and calculate the ecological basedischarge in depth,aiming to provide a scientific basis for ensuring the ecological stability of the river and meeting the ecological water demand.Based on years of measured natural runoff data,this study comprehensively evaluates the ecological basedischarge of the Tashisai River diversion hub section using various methods such as the Tennant method,the average annual flow rate of the driest month,the Q p method,and the wet perimeter method.The research results show that:(1)During non flood season,the ecological basedischarge of Tashisai River is 0.202 m^(3)/s,while during flood season it is 1.21 m^(3)/s;(2)By comparing and evaluating the calculation results of various methods,the river section can meet the ecological basedischarge standards throughout the year;(3)The actual runoff generally exceeds the ecological basedischarge standard,with an ecological basedischarge satisfaction rate of over 0.9 and a compliance rate of over 80%,indicating a high degree of ecological basedischarge satisfaction for the Tashisai River under current management and natural conditions.These results provide important scientific basis for the ecological protection and water resource management of Tashisai River and similar rivers.

关 键 词：生态基流 塔什萨依河 满足程度 TENNANT法 

分 类 号：P336[天文地球—水文科学] P426.616[水利工程—水文学及水资源]