掏槽爆破成腔空孔效应数值模拟研究与分析  

Study and Analysis on Numerical Simulation of Empty Hole Effect Induced by Cutting Blasting

作　　者：陶子豪 李祥龙[1,2] 胡启文 王建国 TAO Zihao;LI Xianglong;HU Qiwen;WANG Jianguo(Faculty of Land Resource Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,Yunnan,China;Advanced Blasting Technology Engineering Research Center of Yunnan Province Education Department,Kunming 650093,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明650093 [2]云南省教育厅爆破新技术工程研究中心,云南昆明650093

出　　处：《兵工学报》2024年第12期4246-4258,共13页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52274083);云南省重大科技专项项目(202102AG050014);云南省基础研究计划面上项目(202201AT070178)。

摘　　要：掏槽爆破是巷道掘进单自由面爆破的关键。为探究空孔对掏槽爆破效果的影响,基于空孔作用理论,利用有限元-粒子流耦合方法,建立单空孔掏槽爆破三维数值模型,并结合现场掏槽爆破试验结果,分析多段掏槽爆破空孔附近岩石应力分布特征,岩石破碎、抛掷及槽腔成形过程对空孔响应规律。研究结果表明:空孔对近场岩石应力场的分布具有导向作用,并在空孔周围形成明显的应力集中效应,增加应力高峰值区范围,进而为后续爆破提供有利条件;岩石抛掷效果以及槽腔大小与空孔之间表现出强相关性,单空孔掏槽爆破与无空孔相比,抛掷速度提升34.7%,抛掷效率提高了10.2%,现场试验中腔体体积增加17.1%,掏槽深度增加了16.3%,但槽腔整体形状变化不明显;研究结果对实际掏槽爆破参数设计和优化提供了部分理论依据。Cutting blasting plays a crucial role in achieving single-free-surface blasting during roadway excavation.To investigate the impact of empty holes on cutting blasting,the finite element method-smoothed particle hydrodynamics(FEM-SPH)coupling approach is used to establish a three-dimensional model of single empty hole cutting blasting based on the theory of empty hole action.The distribution characteristics of stress near the empty hole in multi-stage cutting blasting is analyzed,and the response laws of rock breaking,throwing,and cavity formation with respect to empty hole are studied.It is found that an empty hole guides the distribution of stress fields in the nearby rocks,the significant concentration effects of stress are generated around the empty hole.and the peak value area of stress is expanded,thereby providing the favorable conditions for subsequent blasting operations.there exists a strong correlation among rock throwing efficiency,empty hole and cavity size.Compared to the cases without an empty hole,the single empty hole cutting blasting exhibites a 34.7% increase in throwing speed and a 10.2% improvement in throwing efficiency.In field tests,cavity volume is increased by 17.1%,and the cutting depth is increased by 16.3%.However,there are no significant changes observed in overall cavity shape.These research findings provide partial theoretical support for designing and optimizing the actual cutting blasting parameters.

关 键 词：空孔补偿 掏槽爆破 有限元-粒子流耦合方法 成腔规律 爆破试验 

分 类 号：E951[军事—军事工程]