生物高分子聚合物生态固沙效果初探  

Preliminary study on ecological sand fixation effects of biopolymers

作　　者：童小东[1,2] 慈祥 孙任运 TONG Xiaodong;CI Xiang;SUN Renyun(School of Civil Engineering,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China;Key Laboratory of Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Structures,Ministry of Education(Southeast University),Nanjing 211189,China;Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学土木工程学院,江苏南京211189 [2]东南大学混凝土及预应力混凝土结构教育部重点实验室,江苏南京211189 [3]上海市政工程设计研究总院(集团)有限公司,上海200092

出　　处：《岩土工程学报》2025年第1期144-152,共9页Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering

摘　　要：沙漠化治理是一个全球性的难题。相较于传统的沙漠固沙技术,作为环境友好型固化材料的生物高分子聚合物,不仅能有效胶结沙漠砂以抵抗风蚀作用,还能提高沙漠砂的促生性能以促进植物生长,最终达到利用植被实现永久固沙的效果。基于前述设想,通过表面硬度试验、保水性能试验和植物生长试验研究了黄原胶(XG)、瓜尔胶(GG)以及二者的等质量混合胶(MG)生态固沙的效果。表面硬度试验表明生物高分子聚合物能有效胶结沙漠砂颗粒,质量分数为0.1%的XG、GG和MG溶液分别将沙漠砂的表面压力强度提高了9.4倍、5.3倍和8.0倍;保水性能试验表明生物高分子聚合物对沙漠砂保水性能的提升效果随溶液质量分数的增大而增大,在40℃高温养护条件下,生物高分子聚合物保水性能的比较结果为:XG>MG>GG;植物生长试验表明,在室内条件下,生物高分子聚合物能缩短植物出苗时间、提升植物的出苗率和幼苗高度,明显提高沙漠砂的促生性能。本文的研究初步表明,采用生物高分子聚合物实现生态固沙具备理论上的可行性。The desertification control is a global challenge.Compared to the traditional desert sand fixation techniques,the biopolymers as environmentally friendly solidification materials can effectively bond desert sand to resist wind erosion and improve its growth promoting properties to promote plant growth,ultimately achieving permanent sand fixation.Based on the aforementioned ideas,the ecological sand fixation effects of xanthan gum(XG),guar gum(GG)and their equal mass mixed gum(MG)are studied through the surface hardness tests,water retention performance tests and plant growth tests.The surface hardness tests show that the biopolymers can effectively bond desert sand particles.The XG,GG and MG solutions with a mass fraction of 0.1%increase the surface pressure strength of desert sand by 9.4,5.3 and 8.0 times,respectively.The water retention performance tests show that the improvement effects of the biopolymers on the water retention performance of desert sand increase with the increase of solution mass fraction.Moreover,under high temperature curing conditions at 40℃,the comparative results of the water retention performance of the three biopolymers are as follows:XG>MG>GG.The plant growth tests indicate that under indoor conditions,the biopolymers can shorten plant emergence time,increase plant emergence rate and seedling height,and significantly improve the growth promoting performance of desert sand.The preliminary researches indicate that the use of the biopolymers for ecological sand fixation is theoretically feasible.

关 键 词：生物高分子聚合物 生态固沙 表面硬度 保水性能 

分 类 号：TU43[建筑科学—岩土工程]