杜仲不同组织内生真菌种类组成及功能特征  

Composition and Functional Characteristics of Endophytic Fungi from Different Tissue in Tu-chung(Eucommia ulmoides)

作　　者：冉青松 董醇波 邵秋雨 张学倩 明彩云 韩燕峰[1] RAN Qing-song;DONG Chun-bo;SHAO Qiu-yu;ZHANG Xue-qian;MING Cai-yun;HAN Yan-feng(Inst.of Fungus Res.,Guizhou Uni.,Guiyang 550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学真菌资源研究所,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《微生物学杂志》2024年第6期32-41,共10页Journal of Microbiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32260003,32160007);贵州省“百”层次创新人才培养项目([2020]6005)。

摘　　要：探究杜仲不同组织可培养内生真菌组成及其与次生代谢产物之间的潜在关系。基于传统的可培养分离法分离内生真菌,根据形态学和分子系统学对其进行鉴定;并进一步采用平板对峙法探究内生真菌对松脂醇二葡萄糖苷的响应。从杜仲根、皮、叶中分离内生真菌共285株,隶属于46个属66个种,三个部位共有种仅有1个,即黑曲霉(Aspergillus niger)。树皮、树根、树叶特有种分别有32个、14个和9个。经FUNGuild软件平台解析显示,可培养内生真菌在功能上大部分集中在植物病原菌、腐生菌、内生菌,少部分为动物病原菌和地衣寄生菌。进一步对峙实验表明,松脂醇二葡萄糖苷对12种菌株分别产生了不同程度的促进和抑制,其中对变黑吉布氏菌(Gibellulopsis nigrescens)促进率最大,为10%,而对粉红螺旋聚孢霉(Clonostachys rosea)的促进率最低,为3%;对灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea)抑制效果最强,抑制率高达35%;对皮落青霉(Penicillium crustosum)抑制效果最差,抑制率仅为3%。结果表明,杜仲具有丰富的内生真菌,不同部位内生真菌组成差异明显,树皮中的物种数高于根和叶部位,杜仲活性成分松脂醇二葡萄糖苷对内生真菌具有不同程度的促进和抑制作用。The composition of culturable endophytic fungi in different tissue of tu-chung(Eucommia ulmoides)and their potential relationship with secondary metabolites were investigated.The endophytic fungi were isolated by traditional culturable isolation method and identified by morphology and molecular systematics.The response of endophytic fungi to pinoresinol diglucoside was further investigated by plate confrontation method.The results showed that a total of 285 endophytic fungi were isolated from the roots,skin and leaves of E.ulmoides,belonging to 46 genera and 66 species,and only Aspergillus niger was common in three tissues.There were 32 unique species in bark,14 unique species in roots and 9 unique species in leaves,and the number of species in bark was significantly higher than those in the other two tissues.Analysis of FUNGuild software platform showed that most of the culturable endophytic fungi were concentrated in plant pathogens,saprophytic bacteria and endophytic bacteria,while a few were animal pathogens and lichen parasitic bacteria.Further plate standoff method showed that pinoresinol diglucoside promoted and inhibited 12 strains to different degrees,among which the promotion rate of Gibellulopsis nigrescens was the highest(10%),while the promotion rate of Clonostachys rosea was the lowest(3%).The inhibition effect of Botrytis cinerea was the highest,and the inhibition rate as high as 35%.The inhibitory effect on Penicillium crustosum was the worst,and the inhibitory rate was only 3%.E.ulmoides possesses abundant endophytic fungi.The composition of endophytic fungi varied significantly among different tissues,with the number of species in bark being higher than those in roots and leaves.Pinoresinol diglucoside,the active ingredient of E.ulmoides,can promote and inhibit endophytic fungi to various degrees.

关 键 词：杜仲 内生真菌 真菌多样性 功能特征 松脂醇二葡萄糖苷 

分 类 号：Q939.5[生物学—微生物学]