数字化治理体系背景下环境数据使用中的利益平衡  

Interests Balance in Environmental Data Usage in the Context of Digital Governance System

作　　者：荆鸣 Jing Ming

机构地区：[1]复旦大学一带一路及全球治理研究院,上海200433

出　　处：《南海法学》2024年第6期19-29,共11页The South China Sea Law Journal

摘　　要：环境数据是环境治理数字化的基础,其收集、使用和分析,有助于了解与评估环境状况,从而为环境管理、保护和决策提供支持。在建设数字化治理体系的背景下,分级分类确定环境数据的权利归属,在其使用过程中维持好各主体之间的利益平衡,是保证体系整体稳定的关键所在。当前,环境数据在使用中与个人隐私权、商业秘密、知识产权之间存在冲突,环境数据共享义务与数据安全之间仍有张力。为此,应当在遵循公众参与原则、专业机构权威性原则和利益平衡原则的前提下,通过制定环境数据使用规范、建立环境数据使用伦理指南以及加强环境数据使用的国际合作等方式,实现数字化治理体系中环境数据使用时的利益平衡。Collecting,optimizing and analyzing environmental data sets the foundation for the digitization of environmental governance,facilitates the understanding and assessment of the state of the environment,thereby provides support for the environmental management,protection and decision-making.In the context of building a digitalized governance system,the hierarchical attribution of environmental data rights and a balance between different party's interests in the process of using environmental data are key in stabilizing the whole system.At present,the tension between environmental data usage and individual privacy,trade secret and intellectual property rights still remains.Moreover,the obligation of sharing environmental data and protecting its security are often contradictory.Therefore,an interest balance in environmental data usage in the digital governance system should be achieved under the principle of public participation,authoritativeness of professional organizations,and balance of interests.Specifically,by formulating norms,establishing ethical guidelines and strengthening international cooperation on the use of environmental data.

关 键 词：环境数据 数据权 环境数据权 数字化治理 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]