反外国制裁的检察维度展开:前提逻辑与制度建构  

The Unfolding of the Prosecutorial Dimension of Anti-foreign Sanctions:premise logic and institutional construction

作　　者：吴子越 郭文博 Wu Ziyue;Guo Wenbo

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学司法文明协同创新中心,北京100088 [2]北京市大兴区人民检察院,北京102600

出　　处：《南海法学》2024年第6期30-43,共14页The South China Sea Law Journal

基　　金：2024年度中央高校基本科研业务费项目“刑事诉讼法修改研究”(24CXTD06);2019年度最高人民检察院检察理论研究一般课题“国际司法协助与合作中的‘长臂管辖’问题研究”(GJ2019C12)。

摘　　要：充分挖掘反外国制裁的检察参与维度,是提升反外国制裁效能的必要举措,对于强化司法赋能高质量对外开放具有重要意义。但长期以来,检察机关在反外国制裁工作中的潜力尚未得到理论界和实务界的足够重视。既有法律体系表明,以公私双轨运行为制度面孔的反外国制裁工作机制,存在主管机构职权配置不明、反制措施启动标准模糊以及私人追诉程序保障薄弱的制度瓶颈。实际上,检察机关的参与可以从规范文件对反外国制裁主体的开放性表述中获得支撑,同时检察机关可以通过监督纠正行政违法行为以及为相关实体在私人追诉程序中提供司法助力的方式,发挥实际作用。未来,一方面,检察机关应当充分促进犯罪追诉职能与法律监督职能的有机结合,立足程序衔接与业务沟通,优化反外国制裁的行刑互动机制;另一方面,检察机关应依托自身在自诉案件中积累的实践经验,为民商事主体向人民法院起诉提供有力的支持,而对于侵害不特定多数人利益的外国制裁,则应适时提起民事检察公益诉讼予以反击。Fully exploring the dimension of procuratorial participation in anti-foreign sanctions is a necessary measure to enhance the effectiveness of anti-foreign sanctions,which is of great significance in strengthening judicial empowerment for high-quality opening to the outside world.However,for a long time,the potential of the procuratorial authorities in the work of anti-foreign sanctions has not been sufficiently emphasized by the theoretical and practical circles.The established legal system shows that the mechanism of anti-foreign sanctions,which is based on the dual-track operation of public and private sectors,has bottlenecks in terms of unclear allocation of powers and functions of the competent authorities,ambiguous criteria for the initiation of countermeasures,and weak safeguards for private recourse procedures.In fact,the participation of the procuratorial authorities can be supported by the openness of the normative documents on the subject of anti-foreign sanctions,while they can play a practical role by supervising and correcting administrative violations and providing judicial assistance to relevant entities in private recourse procedures.In the future,on the one hand,the procuratorial authorities should fully promote the organic combination of the functions of criminal prosecution and legal supervision,and optimize the interactive mechanism of execution and punishment of anti-foreign sanctions based on procedural articulation and operational communication;on the other hand,the procuratorial authorities should rely on the practical experience they have accumulated in the cases of self-represented prosecution,and provide strong support for the civil and commercial subjects in suing the People's Courts,and in the case of foreign sanctions that infringe on the interests of an unspecified majority,they should bring civil sanctions in a timely manner.

关 键 词：反外国制裁 法律监督 行刑衔接 检察公益诉讼 民事支持起诉 

分 类 号：D92[政治法律—法学]