皮南杂交牛H1至H4代数量性状遗传分析及优种筛选  

Genetic analysis of quantitative traits and selection of superior breeds in the fourth generation of Pinan hybrid cattle H1-H4

作　　者：杜瑞卿[1] 张志峰 王建钦[2] 孙志和 陈岭 李巧珍 齐香萍 白跃宇 姚伦广[1] DU Ruiqing;ZHANG Zhifeng;WANG Jianqin;SUN Zhihe;CHEN Ling;LI Qiaozhen;QI Xiangping;BAI Yaoyu;YAO Lunguang(College of Life Science and Agricultural Engineering,Nanyang Normal University,Nanyang 473061,China;Nanyang Cattle Science and Technology Center,Nanyang 473000,China;Animal Husbandry Bureau of Xinye County,Xinye 473500,China;Henan Province Institute of Animal Health Supervision,Zhengzhou 450000,China;School of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450000,China)

机构地区：[1]南阳师范学院生命科学与农业工程学院,河南南阳473061 [2]南阳黄牛科技中心,河南南阳473000 [3]新野县畜牧局,河南新野473500 [4]河南省动物卫生监督所,河南郑州450000 [5]郑州大学农学院,河南郑州450000

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2025年第1期11-19,共9页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31870917);河南省揭榜挂帅科技项目(211110110700);南阳师范学院STP项目(2024STP007)。

摘　　要：为了改良皮南杂交牛的种质性能,选择2000—2020年20年间出生的H1(横交固定一代)至H4代14030头牛进行选种育种培养,观察体重、体尺、外貌评分等36个个体表型性状指标,记录每头牛上三代亲缘关系;对获得数据经整理和检验后,进行选择指数(CBI)计算,对不同性别、不同分类(核心牛群和良种牛群)的群体进行正态分布概率遗传参数分析和判别分析筛选。结果:从H3代的核心母牛群和公牛群中筛选出28头各指标综合表现好的种子公牛和母牛,从H4代的核心母牛群和公牛群中筛选出56头各指标综合表现好的种子公牛和母牛;CBI指数大于116.40的有100头;核心公牛的表型值比核心母牛的表型值高,但是核心母牛的遗传力、选择系数R比核心公牛的大;同类型的牛群其一代比一代的遗传力大,核心牛群的遗传力均值在0.4~0.5;从H3和H4代核心牛群中选出的优秀种牛群,H4代选择系数R比H3代大。本研究结果对选种育种具有重要参考价值和指导意义,选择系数R值增大说明所选的优秀种牛群下一代比本代在多个观察表型性状指标上可能有较大改善;本研究提出的群体正态分布概率遗传参数分析法和判别分析法,在理论和实际效果方面都具有重要意义。In order to improve the germplasm performance of Pinan hybrid cattle,a total of 14030 cows,from the first generation(H1)to the fourth generation(H4),born between 2000 and 2020,were selected for breeding and cultivation.36 individual phenotypic traits such as weight,body size,and appearance score of the cows were observed;and the genetic relationships of the three generations of each cow were recorded.After sorting and verifying the obtained data,a selection index(CBI)was calculated,and normal distribution probability genetic parameter analysis and discriminant analysis screening were performed on the populations of different genders and classifications(core cattle herds and superior cattle herds).The result were as follows:28 seed bulls and cows with good comprehensive performance in all indicators were selected from the core cow and bull populations of the H3 generation,and 56 seed bulls and cows with good comprehensive performance in all indicators were selected from the core cow and bull populations of the H4 generation.There were 100 heads with a CBI index greater than 11640.The phenotype value ofthe core bulls was higher than that of the core cows,but the heritability and genetic progress coefficient R of the core cows are greater than those of the core bulls.The heritability of the same type of the cattle population was higher than that of the previous generation,with the average heritability of the core cattle population ranging from 04 to 05 The selection response coefficient R of the excellent breeding cattle herds selected from the H3 and H4 core cattle herds was higher in the H4 generation than in the H3 generation.The results of this study was of important reference value and guiding significance for breed selection and breeding.An increase in the R value of the selection response indicated that the next generation of the selected excellent breed of cattle might have a significant improvement in multiple observed phenotypic trait indicators,compared with the current generation.The population normal di

关 键 词：皮南杂交牛 数量性状遗传分析 选择指数 遗传参数 

分 类 号：S813[农业科学—畜牧学]