广东西江先秦缝合法扩展独木舟的发现及其在船史上的价值  

The Discovery of A Pre-Qin Sewn Canoe in Deqing of Guangdong and Its Significance forShipbuilding History Studies

作　　者：吴春明 Wu Chunming

机构地区：[1]厦门大学南海研究院

出　　处：《海交史研究》2024年第3期14-36,共23页Journal of Maritime History Studies

摘　　要：2011年发现于广东德庆西江的先秦独木舟,经研究为一艘接舷式扩展型独木舟的底部遗存。该舟体两侧舱壁密集的排孔形态及相关痕迹具有缝合法船板衔接技术的典型特征,不同于已知汉唐以来多艘扩展型独木舟及唐宋以来多板船代表性的钉接法结构技术,而与大西洋—印度洋间新石器晚期至古代航海史上常见的缝合法造船技术特征一致。这一发现表明,我国从独木舟向多板船过渡过程中的舟船板材衔接技术是多元的,也曾是造船史上缝合法结构技术的发生地之一,这就改变了世界舟船技术形态既有的区系地图,在中国造船史、中外造船技术关系史的研究上,都具有极为重要的学术价值。The pre-Qin canoe discovered in Xijiang River valley,Deqing of Guangdong province in 2011,has been studied and identified as the bottom remain of a developed dugout with additional planks attached.The remains of this canoe show dozens of small round holes drilled densely and respectively along the both sides of the upper edge of the hull,which was completely different from the typical construction technique using the peg mortise and tenon joinery detected in all of the developed dugouts and planked boats since Han and Tang dynasties discovered in China.On the contrary,this hull of the developed dugout indicates the usage of the stitching/sewing construction method well-known in Atlantic and Indian oceans since late Neolithic age.The discovery reveals that the stitching/sewing technique had also developed before the peg mortise and tenon joinery technique which was developed since Han Dynasty in ancient China.Therefore,more than one planking methods were actually used during the period when dugouts transitioned to developed canoes or planked boats.The discovery changes the current geographical pattern of the shipbuilding technique developments around the globe,and is thus highly valuable in the historical study of ancient Chinese shipbuilding and its interaction with foreign maritime technology.

关 键 词：扩展型独木舟 多板船 缝合法 造船史 

分 类 号：U674.931-09[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程] K22[交通运输工程—船舶与海洋工程] K875.3[历史地理—历史学]