基于重金属吸附功能的两性淀粉基絮凝剂的合成与研究  

Synthesis and Study of Amphoteric Starch-Based Flocculants Based on Heavy Metal Adsorption Function

作　　者：段佳一 范文玉 刘佳琚 回增帅 DUAN Jiayi;FAN Wenyu;LIU Jiaju;HUI Zengshuai(School of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang Liaoning 110142,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学环境与安全工程学院,辽宁沈阳110142

出　　处：《当代化工》2024年第12期2886-2892,共7页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(项目编号:2023JH_(2)/101300047)。

摘　　要：以丙烯酰胺(AM)、丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DAC)为主要单体,采用半干法合成两性淀粉基絮凝剂,对其工艺进行讨论,并对其絮凝性能进行研究。考察了磷酸盐质量分数、pH、尿素质量分数、反应温度、反应时间对磷酸化反应的影响,研究了溶液初始pH、吸附时间、初始质量浓度等因素对吸附性能的影响。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、氢核磁共振仪(1H NMR)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等多种表征手段观察改性样品形貌以及分析其官能团、结构和组织。实验得到最佳合成工艺为:磷酸盐质量分数30%、反应体系pH=7、尿素质量分数20%、反应温度130℃、反应时间150 min。结果表明:当pH=5、吸附时间为90min、Cu^(2+)初始质量浓度为250mg·L^(-1)时,两性淀粉基絮凝剂性能最好,吸附过程遵循二级动力学模型,具有一定的耐酸碱性、抗盐、抗剪切性。Amphoteric starch based flocculant was synthesized by semi-dry method with acrylamide(AM),acrylylloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride(DAC)and cerium ammonium nitrate as monomers.The process and flocculation performance of amphoteric starch based flocculant were discussed.The effects of phosphate mass fraction,pH,urea mass fraction,reaction temperature and reaction time on phosphorylation were investigated.The effects of initial pH,adsorption time and initial mass concentration on adsorption properties were studied.The modified samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier infrared spectrometer(FT-IR),hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance(1HNMR)and X-ray diffractometer(XRD)to observe theirmorphology,functional groups and structure.The optimum synthesis process was as follows:phosphate mass fraction 30%,reaction system pH=7,urea mass fraction 20%,reaction temperature 130℃,reaction time 150 min.The results showed that when pH=5,adsorption time was 90 min,and initial mass concentration of Cu^(2+) was 250 mg·L^(-1),amphoteryl starch based flocculant had the best performance.The adsorption process followed the second-order kinetic model and had certain acid-alkali resistance,salt resistance and shear resistance.

关 键 词：两性淀粉 重金属吸附 絮凝剂 吸附动力学 

分 类 号：TQ047[化学工程] X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]