两性表面活性剂在低渗透油藏提高采收率领域的研究进展  

Research Progress of Zwitterionic Surfactants in the Field of Enhanced Oil Recovery in Low-Permeability Reservoirs

作　　者：孙玉海 王聪 渠慧敏 郭宏伟 郭一铭 吴琼 李金隆 侯吉瑞[2] SUN Yuhai;WANG Cong;QU Huimin;GUO Hongwei;GUO Yiming;WU Qiong;LI Jinlong;HOU Jirui(Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering,Sinopec Shengli Oilfield Branch,Dongying Shandong 257029,China;National Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Engineering,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司石油工程技术研究院,山东东营257029 [2]中国石油大学(北京)油气资源与工程全国重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《当代化工》2024年第12期2931-2935,共5页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(项目编号:22302229)。

摘　　要：因两性离子表面活性剂独特的分子结构,不仅具备传统表面活性剂降低界面张力、改变润湿性的能力,还可根据油藏环境调整自身带电状态,具有更强的储层适应性。首先阐述了两性表面活性剂的结构、分类,然后分析了其在降低油水界面张力、改善岩石润湿性、乳化作用及环境响应等方面的性能特点。最后,综述了两性表面活性剂在低渗油藏开发中的研究与应用。研究发现两性表面活性剂因其独特的分子结构和优越的环境适应性,已在低渗透油藏提高采收率领域发挥了重要作用,并在未来复杂油藏的开发中具有广泛的应用潜力。Owing to its unique molecular structure,zwitterionic surfactants not only have the capabilities of traditional surfactants in terms of reducing interfacial tension and altering wettability,but also can adjust their own charged states in accordance with the reservoir environment,thereby exhibiting stronger reservoir adaptability.In this article,the structure and classification of zwitterionic surfactants were firstly introduced,and then their performance characteristics including reducing oil-water interfacial tension,improving rock wettability,emulsifying,and environmental responsiveness were analyzed.Finally,the research and application development of zwitterionic surfactants in low-permeability reservoir were reviewed.The study reveals that,owing to their unique molecular structures and excellent environmental adaptability,zwitterionic surfactants have played a significant role in enhancing oil recovery in low-permeability reservoirs and possess broad application potential in the future development of complex reservoirs.

关 键 词：低渗透 提高采收率 两性离子 表面活性剂 界面张力 

分 类 号：TQ423.3[化学工程]