电气石晶体内微结构对其压电性的影响及机制研究  

A study on the influence and mechanism of the microstructure of tourmaline crystal on its piezoelectricity

作　　者：薛景源 董发勤[1,2] 周琳 张伟 陈禹衡 郑飞 郭铭 Kotova Elena Leonidovna XUE Jingyuan;DONG Faqin;ZHOU Lin;ZHANG Wei;CHEN Yuheng;ZHEN Fei;GUO Ming;Kotova Elena Leonidovna(Key Laboratory of Waste Solid Treatment and Resource Recycle of Ministry of Education,Mianyang Sichuan 621010,China;School of Environment and Resource,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang Sichuan 621010,China;Analysis and Testing Center,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang Sichuan 621010,China;Mining Museum,St.Petersburg Mining University,St Petersburg 199106,Russia)

机构地区：[1]西南科技大学固体废物处理与资源化教育部重点实验室,四川绵阳621010 [2]西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳621010 [3]西南科技大学分析测试中心,四川绵阳621010 [4]Mining Museum,St.Petersburg Mining University,Russia St Petersburg 199106

出　　处：《矿物学报》2024年第6期835-844,共10页Acta Mineralogica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51974261);四川省自然科学基金(编号:2022NSFSC1223)。

摘　　要：电气石是一种化学成分和结构复杂的非中心对称晶体,具有压电性。前人鲜有探究电气石内部微结构对其压电性的影响,为了深入探讨电气石晶体内微结构对其压电性的影响,本文研究了锂电气石和镁电气石的晶体内微结构(键长、键角)因素和压电性之间的联系,通过对电气石进行压电测试及X-射线单晶衍射测试,计算其晶体结构扭曲参数和固有电偶极矩,分析电气石压电性与晶体内微结构的关系。研究发现,Y位置主导元素阳离子半径大小会影响Y多面体内键长、键角扭曲参数,影响Y多面体扭曲变形程度,进而引起晶体中其他多面体发生不同程度的扭曲形变,导致其压电性强弱变化。研究结果表明,Li含量较高的电气石其Y多面体扭曲参数更高,压电性更强。且由于电气石围绕c轴旋转对称的结构导致a、b轴方向上提供的固有电偶极矩相互抵消使得同一种属电气石沿c轴方向上的压电性远强于a、b轴方向,同时发现电气石的固有电偶极矩的大小与电气石的压电性呈现正相关,说明利用固有电偶极矩来研究电气石的压电性能是有意义的。本研究为通过结构参数计算探讨具有压电特性的天然矿物或人造材料微结构对其压电性能的影响机制提供了新思路。Tourmaline is a kind of non-central symmetric crystal with complex chemical composition and structure.It has piezoelectricity.At present,the influence of internal microstructures in tourmaline on its piezoelectricity has rarely been researched.In order to deeply explore the influence of internal microstructures in tourmaline on its piezoelectricity,the relationships between internal microstructure factors(bond length,bond angle)and piezoelectricities of elbaite and dravite have been explored in the study.Based on the piezoelectricity test of tourmaline and the X-ray diffraction test of tourmaline single crystal,we have calculated the distortion parameters of the crystal structure and the inherent electric dipole moments,and have analyzed the relationship between the piezoelectricity of tourmaline and the microstructures within tourmaline crystal.It was found that the cation radiuses of dominant elements in the Y position of tourmaline affected distortion parameters of the bond length and bond angle of the Y polyhedron,affected the distortion degree of the Y polyhedron,further affected the distortion of other polyhedrons in tourmaline crystal,and finally resulted in the intensity change of piezoelectricity of tourmaline.The results show that tourmaline with relatively high Li content has relatively high distortion parameters of the Y polyhedron and relatively strong piezoelectricity.In addition,due to the structure rotating symmetrically around the c-axis of tourmaline,the inherent electric dipole moments provided in directions of the a-axis and the b-axis are offset,resulting in that the piezoelectricity of the c-axis direction was much stronger than those of the a-axis and b-axis for the same kind of tourmaline,.It was also found that the piezoelectric intensity of tourmaline was positively correlated with the inherent electric dipole moment of tourmaline,indicating that it is meaningful to use the inherent electric dipole moment for studying the piezoelectricity of tourmaline.This study provided a new idea for

关 键 词：电气石 压电性 晶体内微结构 X-射线单晶衍射 

分 类 号：P574[天文地球—矿物学] P578.953[天文地球—地质学]