戈壁日光温室基质栽培辣椒产量、品质及果实脐腐病对钙肥的响应  

Response of Yield,Quality and Blossom-end Rot of Pepper to Different Concentrations of Calcium Under the Gobi Greenhouse Substrate Culture

作　　者：马彦霞[1] 王晓巍[1] 张玉鑫[1] 蒯佳琳 MA Yanxia;WANG Xiaowei;ZHANG Yuxin;KUAI Jialin(Vegetable Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第24期29-36,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：甘肃省农业科学院重点研发计划资助项目(2022GAAS26);国家自然科学基金资助项目(32060678);甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目(22JR5RA761);甘肃省现代农业科技支撑体系区域创新中心重点科技资助项目(2019GAAS47)。

摘　　要：以河西走廊戈壁日光温室基质槽式栽培辣椒为试材,采用叶面喷施的方法,研究了辣椒农艺性状、产量、品质及果实脐腐病对钙肥浓度的响应规律,以期为戈壁温室辣椒的高品质栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:钙肥浓度与果实和基质全钙呈极显著正相关关系,与脐腐病发病率呈极显著负相关,与果实可溶性糖、维生素C和产量呈显著正相关,与果实硝酸盐呈显著负相关,其中以喷施4 g·L^(-1)CaCl_(2)的作用效果最佳,与不施钙处理相比,产量提高了15.8%,果实可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、维生素C和全钙含量分别增加了10.8%、9.2%、5.9%和31.8%,硝酸盐含量降低了22.8%,果实脐腐病发生率平均降低了58.7%。可见,钙肥浓度与辣椒产量、品质和脐腐病发生率关系密切;外源钙可通过调控果实的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白质、维生素C、硝酸盐和全钙含量,有效改善果实品质,提高产量,预防果实脐腐病。Taking the substrate trough cultivation of chili peppers in the Gobi solar greenhouse of the Hexi Corridor as the test material,the response of pepper agronomic traits,yield,quality,and fruit blossom-end rot disease to calcium fertilizer concentration was studied by foliar spraying,in order to provide reference for high-quality cultivation of chili peppers in Gobi greenhouses.The results showed that the concentrations of calcium fertilizer very significantly correlated with the total calcium content of fruit and media,but very significantly negative correlation with the blossom-end rot rate of pepper.There was a significant positive correlation between the calcium concentration and the soluble sugar,vitamin C and yield,but significant negative correlation with the nitrate content of fruit.The best effect was obtained with the CaCl_(2) application in the concentration of 4 g·L^(-1),and the yield increased by 15.8%,the soluble sugar,soluble protein,vitamin C and total calcium were increased by 10.8%,9.2%,5.9%and 31.8%respectively,nitrate reduced by 22.8%,the occurrence of blossom-end rot effectively improve fruit quality,increase yield and prevent the blossom-end rot of pepper by promoting plant growth and regulating fruit soluble sugar,soluble protein,vitamin C,nitrate and total calcium.

关 键 词：辣椒 戈壁日光温室 基质栽培 外源钙 产量品质 脐腐病 

分 类 号：S626[农业科学—园艺学]