羊肚菌生长发育对不同木屑外营养源的响应  

Response of Morchella esculenta Growth and Development to Different External Nutrient Sources of Wood Chips

作　　者：张丽娟[1] 解艳玲[2] 曲继松[1] 朱倩楠[1] 董瑞[1] ZHANG Lijuan;XIE Yanling;QU Jisong;ZHU Qiannan;DONG Rui(Institute of Horticulture,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;Ningxia Agricultural Reclamation Agricultural,Forestry and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Service Center,Yinchuan,Ningxia750011)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏农垦农林牧技术推广服务中心,宁夏银川750011

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第24期90-97,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：自治区重点研发计划资助项目(2023BCF01043);宁夏农林科学院农业科技创新引导资助项目(NKYJ-20-09)。

摘　　要：以羊肚菌不同生长时期的土壤和外源营养袋为试材,采用比较分析的方法,研究了羊肚菌生长发育过程中,不同木屑外营养源对土壤和营养袋理化性状以及养分含量的影响,以期为羊肚菌种植中外源营养袋配方优选提供参考依据。结果表明:在菌丝满袋前,土壤中有机碳含量整体呈现持续升高的趋势,采收撤袋后D5处理的土壤有机碳含量最高;有效氮含量和速效钾含量整体呈现降低的趋势;而营养袋中整体呈现有机碳含量降低、有效氮含量升高的趋势,营养袋中半纤维素和淀粉含量显著减少。D5、D6、D3处理羊肚菌产量较高,而D3的羊肚菌子实体品质最佳,钙、锌、蛋白质、粗纤维含量均较高。综上可知,单以提高产量为目标,枸杞发酵料配方的667 m^(2)产量最高为779 kg,其次是柠条发酵料和苹果生料,枸杞生料产量最低为609 kg;综合营养品质和产量,苹果木屑生料配方处理作为外源营养袋(D3)种植羊肚菌的效果最优。Taking soil and exogenous nutrient bags from different growth stages of Morchella esculenta as the test materials,a comparative analysis method was adopted to study the effects of different wood chip exogenous nutrient sources on the physicochemical properties and nutrient content of soil and nutrient bags during the growth and development process of Morchella eculenta,in order to provide reference for the optimization of exogenous nutrient bag formulations in Morchella esculenta cultivation.The results showed that the content of organic C in the soil showed a continuous upward trend before the mycelium was fully bagged,and the organic carbon content in D5 soil was the highest after harvesting and bag removal effective nitrogen and available potassium content in the soil showed a decreasing trend,while the content of available N in the nutrient bag showed an increasing trend,and the content of hemicellulose and starch in the nutrient bag decreased significantly.The yield of Morchella esculenta treated with D5,D6 and D3 was higher,while the fruit body quality of Morchella esculenta treated with D3 was the best,with calcium,zinc,total protein,and crude fiber content were high levels.In conclusion,with the aim of increasing yield only,Lycium chinense fermentation formula had the highest yield(779 kg per 667 m^(2)),followed by Caragana korshinskii fermentation material and apple wood chips raw material.Lycium chinense had the lowest raw material yield(609 kg per 667 m^(2)).In terms of nutrient quality and yield,apple wood chips treated as an exogenous nutrient bag(D3)had the best effect on planting Morchella esculenta.

关 键 词：羊肚菌 木屑 外营养源 养分转化利用 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学]