联合追踪技术监测中华穿山甲效果初探  

Preliminary Study on the Effect of Combined Tracking Technique in Monitoring Chinese Pangolin Manis pentadactyla

作　　者：郭瑞萍 高海洋 吴庆明[1] 窦红亮 杨锦圳 王镜欣 孙松 张奕航 华彦 GUO Rui-Ping;GAO Hai-Yang;WU Qing-Ming;DOU Hong-Liang;YANG Jin-Zhen;WANG Jing-Xin;SUN Song;ZHANG Yi-Hang;HUA Yan(College of Wildlife and Protected area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150000;Guangdong Academy of Forestry,Guangzhou 510520,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院,哈尔滨150000 [2]广东省林业科学研究院,广州510520

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2024年第6期879-886,共8页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：广东省林业科技创新项目(No.2023KJCX023)。

摘　　要：中华穿山甲(Manis pentadactyla)活动隐秘且穴居,对其进行野外观察和追踪困难极大。目前尚无中华穿山甲aurita亚种的个体持续监测记录,迫切需要总结有效的追踪方法,填补该物种活动区和野外活动规律等方面的信息空白。2022年6月18日至2023年1月28日,联合使用GPS卫星定位、甚高频无线电遥测和红外相机监测3种技术,在广东省河源市成功连续224 d追踪了1只雌性中华穿山甲。结果表明,(1)该个体活动区面积23.989 hm^(2),核心活动区面积10.953 hm^(2);(2)该个体在哺乳期利用7个居住洞,每个洞穴利用2~18 d;(3)活动高峰时间为18:00时至次日1:00时,洞外活动时间占比4.46%;(4)虽然联合追踪方法针对中华穿山甲追踪具有一定优势,但仍存在设备续航时间短,人力搜寻困难等问题。该追踪方法可作为未来在山地环境中对中华穿山甲个体开展持续监测的有效方案。本研究结果也丰富了中华穿山甲的生态学基础数据,为中华穿山甲保护措施的制定提供了一手资料。[Objectives]The Chinese Pangolin Manis pentadactyla is secretive and burrowing,making it difficult to observe and track in the wild.At present,there is no record of individual continuous monitoring of the Chinese Pangolin M.p.aurita.in the mainland of China,and it is urgent to explore and summarize effective tracking methods to fill the information gap in the home range and wild activities of this species.[Methods]From June 18,2022 to January 28,2023,we used GPS satellite positioning,VHF radio telemetry and infrared camera monitoring to successfully track a female Chinese Pangolin for 224 consecutive days in Heyuan City,Guangdong Province,China.We calculated the home range and core movement area using mix convex polygon method and kernel density estimates method,recorded the number of days that the resting burrows were used and counted the peak period of activities.[Results]Our results showed that:(1)The movement area of this female Chinese Pangolin was 23.989 hm^(2),the core movement area was 10.953 hm^(2),and the movement area was larger in wet season(Fig.1).(2)During the lactation period,it frequently moved cub between different resting burrows,and of the seven resting burrows monitored,each resting burrow was used from 2 to 18 d(Fig.2).(3)The peak time of activities was from 18:00 pm to 1:00 am the next day(Fig.3),and the proportion of activity time outside the burrows was only 4.46%.(4)Although the combined tracking method has certain advantages for Chinese Pangolin tracking,there are still some problems such as short endurance time and difficulty in field investigation.[Conclusion]This combined tracking method can be used as an effective method for continuous monitoring of Chinese Pangolins in mountain areas in the future.This paper also enriched the basic ecological data of Chinese Pangolin,and provided key information on conservation of Chinese Pangolin.

关 键 词：活动区 活动模式 GPS定位 无线遥测 中华穿山甲 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]