我国福建东部迁地保育林麝种群的体况特征、麝香分泌及其相互关系  

Relationships Between Body Condition and Musk Secretion of the Captive Forest Musk Deer Population in Eastern Fujian,China

作　　者：易思民 路晓平 郑沁彤 林明生 张炎达 盛岩[1] 孟秀祥 YI Si-Min;LU Xiao-Ping;ZHENG Qin-Tong;LIN Ming-Sheng;ZHANG Yan-Da;SHENG Yan;MENG Xiu-Xiang(School of Ecology&Environment,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872;Fujian Shizhentang Agriculture&Forestry Development Co.,LTD,Zherong 355300;School of Animal Science,Xichang University,Xichang 615000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学生态环境学院,北京100872 [2]福建时珍堂农林发展有限公司,柘荣355300 [3]四川西昌学院动物科技学院,西昌615000

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2024年第6期939-945,共7页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.32170489,32470531);福建时珍堂农林发展有限公司研发项目(No.2023001)。

摘　　要：林麝(Moschusberezovskii)是最主要的驯养麝种,主要饲养于陕西、山西和四川等地。本项研究深入探讨了福建柘荣地区的南迁林麝养殖种群,专注于其泌香行为和生理机制,旨在补充现有文献中关于林麝驯养适应性和泌香效率的不足。本研究于2023年9月1日至10月28日期间,量化测评了福建柘荣麝场驯养林麝的体况,结合麝香采样及麝香酮检测,分析了雄麝体况特征及与麝香分泌和麝香酮含量的关系。结果表明:福建柘荣麝场的驯养林麝雄麝泌香量与其上犬齿长度(r=0.333,P<0.05)和上犬齿基径(r=0.421,P<0.01)显著相关,泌香量(Y,g)和上犬齿长度(X_(1),cm)、上犬齿基径(X_(2),mm)的关系可由方程Y=2.212+0.595 X_(1)+1.612 X_(2)较好拟合;雄麝所泌麝香的麝香酮含量与上犬齿长度显著相关(r=﹣0.296,P<0.05),但和上犬齿基径相关未达显著(r=﹣0.238,P>0.05);雄麝的身体廓形与其麝香分泌量极显著相关(r=0.411,P<0.01)。基于本研究结果,在麝类迁地驯养和麝香生产中,可根据雄麝的上犬齿特征(长度和基径)及身体廓形预测其麝香分泌量和麝香酮含量。[Objectives]Owing to factors such as habitat loss,Musk Deer is critically endangered and has been listed as a first-class national protected animal in China.Musk Deer farming and artificial musk extraction are essential for the conservation of Musk Deer and the sustainable use of musk resources.The captive population of Forest Musk Deer Moschus berezovskii at Zherong Farm in Fujian represents one of the easternmost musk deer populations in China.However,there is a lack of research on the farming effects and musk production within this population.[Methods]The study was conducted at the Zherong Farm in Fujian,where the body conditions of 67 male Forest Musk Deer were assessed from September 1 to October 28,2023(Table 1).Each Musk Deer was sampled and subjected to muscone testing.SPSS 27.0 and R 4.4.1 were used to perform statistical analyses including correlation analysis,linear regression analysis,cluster analysis and generalized linear mixed models(GLMM)to determine the relationships between body condition,musk secretion and muscone content.[Results]The results indicated that the musk secretion of male Musk Deer at Zherong Farm in Fujian was significantly correlated with the length(r=0.333,P<0.05)and basal diameter(r=0.421,P<0.01)of their upper canine teeth(Table 5),which can be well fitted by the equation Y=2.212+0.595X_(1)+1.612X_(2).Additionally,the muscone content in the musk was significantly correlated with the length of the upper canine teeth(r=﹣0.296,P<0.05),but not significantly correlated with the basal diameter(r=﹣0.238,P>0.05)(Table 5).Furthermore,a highly significant correlation was observed between the body silhouette of the male and its musk secretion(r=0.411,P<0.01)(Table 6).[Conclusion]Based on the findings of this study,it is suggested that in Musk Deer farming and musk production of Musk Deer,musk secretion and muscone content can be predicted based on the characteristics of their upper canine teeth,specifically length and basal diameter,as well as their body silhouette.

关 键 词：福建 林麝 圈养 体况 麝香分泌 

分 类 号：Q955[生物学—动物学]