血指印检测技术研究进展  

Research progress in techniques for blood fingermark detection

作　　者：彭迪[1,2] 张子敏 张永红 Di Peng;Zimin Zhang;Yonghong Zhang(Chongqing Forensic Scientific Key Laboratory for Higher Education,Criminal Investigation School,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China;Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education for Intelligent Justice,Chongqing 401120,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism,School of Pharmacy,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]刑事科学技术重庆市高校重点实验室,西南政法大学刑事侦查学院,重庆401120 [2]智慧司法教育部工程研究中心,重庆401120 [3]重庆医科大学药学院,药物代谢重庆市重点实验室,重庆400016

出　　处：《中国科学：化学》2024年第12期2532-2546,共15页SCIENTIA SINICA Chimica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:22176020,32072262);重庆市教育委员会重大科技项目(编号:KJZD-M202300302);重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项社发领域重点项目(编号:CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0109);重庆市自然科学基金(编号:cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0713);重庆市高校创新研究群体项目(编号:CXQT21033);西南政法大学校级科研项目(编号:2018XZQN-33)资助。

摘　　要：血指印作为犯罪现场的常见证据之一,在人身认定、现场重建和案件侦破等方面发挥着重要作用.近年来,随着血指印检测与新型试剂、先进材料及现代分析、免疫技术等的深度结合,血指印检测技术的灵敏度、特异性、对比度与适用性不断提高,并在内源性和外源性指印成分分析、DNA兼容性研究以及指印遗留时间推断等方面取得了较大突破.本文主要总结了近年来国内外血指印检测技术的相关研究进展,包括基于血红素催化、蛋白质染色和氨基酸反应的常规化学检测试剂和基于新材料、新设备的新兴检测技术方法,并简要评析了各方法的优劣之处,最后对现有技术所面临的挑战及发展前景进行了展望,以期为该领域的研究人员和实践者提供参考借鉴.Blood fingermarks,as a common piece of evidence at crime scenes,play an important role in personal recognition,crime scene reconstruction,and criminal investigation.In recent years,with the deep integration of blood fingermark detection and new reagents,advanced materials,modern analytical methods,and immunological techniques,the sensitivity,specificity,contrast,and applicability of blood fingermark detection have continuously improved.Moreover,greater breakthroughs have been made in the analysis of endogenous and exogenous fingermark components,the compatibility of touch DNA,and the identification of fingermark aging time.This paper outlines the research progress in blood fingermark detection technology both domestically and internationally,which includes not only traditional chemical reagents based on the mechanism of haem catalysis,protein staining and amino acid reaction,but also emerging methods based on novel materials and devices.A brief analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each method is discussed,and finally,a prospective outlook is presented on the challenges and future prospects of existing techniques,aiming to offer guidance for scholars and practitioners in forensic science.

关 键 词：血红素催化试剂 蛋白质染色试剂 纳米材料 高光谱成像技术 血指印 法庭科学 

分 类 号：O652[理学—分析化学] D918.91[理学—化学]