论《资本论》第一卷第一篇中的商品-货币拜物教的双重范畴  

On the Two-fold Category of Commodity Fetishism and Currency Fetishism in Capital(Volume I:Part One)

作　　者：康家铭 Kang Jiaming

机构地区：[1]武汉大学哲学学院

出　　处：《马克思主义哲学研究》2024年第2期153-162,367,368,共12页Marxist Philosophical Research

摘　　要：商品拜物教和货币拜物教均包含了属于社会存在范畴的“投射过程”和属于社会意识范畴的“遮蔽过程”与“幻象结果”。商品拜物教的“投射过程”是指,人们自身的普遍抽象劳动量及社会关系被物化为特定量的价值,以及商品间的社会关系;商品拜物教的“遮蔽过程”与“幻象结果”则指,由于“投射过程”,物的形式掩盖了人的社会性质,人们误以为这些性质是物品固有的、天然的属性。货币拜物教的“投射过程”是指,处于相对价值形式的商品通过与处于等价形式的商品建立交换关系,将其展现自身价值的权力投射到后者的自然形式中,同时,人的社会关系以商品与货币之间关系的形式显现;货币拜物教的“遮蔽过程”与“幻象结果”是指,处于等价形式的商品的自然形式中所体现的、展现其他商品价值的能力因“投射过程”而被掩盖,进而被误认为是其独立的、天然的属性,此外,处于等价形式的商品的自然形式由于“遗忘效应”被误认为是价值的唯一所在,商品与货币之间的社会关系也因“投射过程”而被掩盖,最终被误认为是商品与货币的独立的、天然的属性。社会存在的范畴构成了社会意识范畴的基础,唯有前者得到解放,才能消除商品-货币拜物教。Commodity fetishism and currency fetishism each contain the"process of projection"which falls into the category of social existence and the"process of concealment"as well as the"outcome of illusion"which fall into the category of social consciousness.The"process of projection"of the commodity fetishism refers to that a certain amount of human labour in the abstract and social relation between men are materialised in a certain amount of value and social relation of commodity to commodity;the"process of concealment"and the"outcome of illusion"of commodity fetishism refer to that the social character of men which appears as the objective character of commodities is mistaken for the independent and natural property of the commodities due to the concealment of the"process of projection".The"process of projection"of the currency fetishism refers to that,the commodity in relative form,when placed in an exchange relation with another commodity in equivalent form,projects its power to express value of itself into the natural form of that in equivalent form,as well as human express the relation of man to man objectively in the form of relation of commodity to currency;the"process of concealment"and the"outcome of illusion"of currency fetishism refer to that,firstly,the power to express value of other commodities in the natural form of commodity in equivalent form is mistaken for the independent and natural property of that of commodity in equivalent form due to the concealment of the"process of projection",secondly,the natural form of commodity in equivalent form is mistaken for the being in which value exclusively lies due to"the effect of forgetting",thirdly,the relation of commodity to currency is mistaken for the independent and natural property of the commodity and currency due to the concealment of the"process of projection".The category of social existence is the foundation of the category of social consciousness,and only through the liberation in the former can the commodity fetishism and currency fetishism be abol

关 键 词：马克思 《资本论》 商品拜物教 货币拜物教 物化 

分 类 号：F091.91[经济管理—政治经济学]