个体化饮食指导联合舒适护理用于血液透析老年慢性肾脏病患者的价值分析  

Value analysis of individualized dietary guidance combined with comfortable nursing in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis

作　　者：余琼瑶 潘敏丽 余雄伟 方燕娜 YU Qiongyao;PAN Minli;YU Xiongwei;FANG Yanna(Blood Purification Center,the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Zhejiang,Hangzhou 310009,China;Blood Purification Center,Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital,Zhejiang,Ningbo 315100,China;Department of Nephrology,Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital,Zhejiang,Ningbo 315100,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江中医药大学附属第三医院血液净化中心,浙江杭州310009 [2]浙江省宁波市鄞州区第二医院血液净化中心,浙江宁波315100 [3]浙江省宁波市鄞州区第二医院肾内科,浙江宁波315100

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2024年第23期137-141,共5页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：浙江省宁波市鄞州区科技项目(2021AS0063)。

摘　　要：目的探讨个体化饮食指导联合舒适护理用于行血液透析老年慢性肾脏病患者的价值。方法选取2021年1月至2023年12月浙江中医药大学附属第三医院血液净化中心7例、宁波市鄞州区第二医院血液净化中心73例,共80例维持性血液透析病例作为研究样本,按区间随机法将纳入样本划分为常规组、研究组,每组各40例。常规组行常规护理,研究组行个体化饮食指导联合舒适护理。比较两组干预前后的抑郁自评量表(SDS)及焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、饮食依从性评分[包括肾病饮食依从态度量表(RAAQ)与行为量表(RABQ)评分]、营养指标[血红蛋白(Hb)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、总蛋白(TP)]及健康状况调查问卷(SF-36)评分情况,并比较两组患者护理满意度。结果干预前两组SDS、SAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后两组SDS、SAS评分低于干预前,且研究组低于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前两组患者饮食依从性评分、生活质量评分、营养指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组各量表得分以及Hb、ALB、TP均高于干预前,且研究组高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组护理总满意度较常规组更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对行血液透析老年慢性肾脏病患者实施个体化饮食指导联合舒适护理可显著提高患者饮食依从性,减轻负面情绪,改善患者营养状态,有利于治疗方案的顺利完成,进而提高患者生活质量和护理满意度,值得应用。Objective To investigate the value of individualized dietary guidance combined with comfortable nursing in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.Methods A total of 7 cases admitted to the Blood Purification Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University and 73 cases admitted to the Blood Purification Center of Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital,totally 80 maintenance hemodialysis patients from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected for research.Following the randomisation method,the included samples were divided into the conventional group(n=40)and the study group(n=40).The conventional group was treated with conventional nursing,while the study group was treated with individualized dietary guidance combined with comfortable nursing.The scores of self-rating depression scale(SDS)and self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),the scores of dietary compliance(including the scores of renal adherence attitudes questionnaire[RAAQ]and renal adherence behavior questionnaire[RABQ]),nutritional indicators(hemoglobin[Hb],serum albumin[ALB],total protein[TP])and 36-item short-form(SF-36)were compared between the two groups of patients before and after the intervention.Results Comparison of SDS and SAS scores of the two groups before intervention,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05),after intervention,the SDS and SAS scores of the two groups were lower than before intervention,and the research group was lower than the conventional group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,the comparison of dietary adherence scores,quality of life scores,and nutritional indexes of the patients of the two groups was statistically insignificant(P>0.05),after intervention,the scores of various scales of the two groups and the Hb,ALB,TP were higher than before intervention,and the research group was higher than the conventional group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total nursing satisfaction of the research group

关 键 词：个体化饮食指导 舒适护理 血液透析 老年 慢性肾脏病 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]