农户分化视角下稳定土地承包意愿差异  

Peasant Household Diversification and Associated Differences in Willingness to Renew Land Contract

作　　者：李瑞盛 周文凤 徐定德 LI Ruisheng;ZHOU Wenfeng;XU Dingde(College of Management,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611134,China;National Key Laboratory of Food Security and Tianfu Granary,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611134,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学管理学院,成都611134 [2]四川农业大学国家粮食安全与天府粮仓重点实验室,成都611134

出　　处：《山地学报》2024年第5期726-738,共13页Mountain Research

基　　金：四川省社会科学青年基金(SCJJ23ND443)。

摘　　要：经济与社会的快速发展不断重塑农户的收入结构和土地利用方式。第二轮土地承包期临近结束,不同类型农户对维持当前土地承包关系的意愿是否存在差异尚不明确。本研究基于2020年中国乡村振兴调查中3804户农户数据,采用内生处理效应模型,研究农户分化对稳定土地承包意愿的影响。结果表明:(1)农户已分化为生存型小农、生活型小农、生产型小农和功能型小农,样本中各类农户占比分别为2%、70%、1%和27%,其中45%的农户希望在二轮承包到期后对土地进行调整。(2)相较于生存型小农,生产型小农在土地延包意愿上没有显著差异,而生活型小农和功能型小农表现出较强的稳定承包关系意愿。(3)市场资源较丰富地区、山地丘陵地区和非城郊区的生活型小农和功能型小农更倾向于土地承包关系的长期稳定。为有效解决农地稳定经营与农户调地诉求之间的矛盾,缓和人地关系,保障土地制度改革平稳推进,提出两点建议:(1)尊重农户分化现实情况,对不同类型农户实施差异化土地政策。(2)充分考虑不同区域资源禀赋约束,因地制宜地探索土地延包和调整政策。研究成果可为推进土地政策的实施提供科学参考。Rapid economic and social development continues to reshape the income structure and land utilization patterns of peasant households in rural China.As the second round of national land contracting approaches its end,it remained unclear whether different types of peasant households had unanimous willingness to maintain current land contracting.In this study,based on data from 3804 peasant households collected during the 2020 China Rural Revitalization Survey,it employed an endogenous treatment effect model to examine the impact of peasant household diversification on willingness to renew land contracting.(1)Peasant households in China had evolved into four types:survival-oriented,lifestyle-oriented,production-oriented,and functional-oriented smallholders,accounting for 2%,70%,1%,and 27%of the reviewed sample,respectively,with 45%of the households desiring to adjust the land after the second round of the contracting expires.(2)Compared to subsistence-oriented smallholders,there was no significant difference in the willingness to extend land contracting for production-oriented smallholders,while lifestyle-oriented and functional-oriented smallholders expressed a stronger willingness to maintain stable contracting relationships.(3)Lifestyle-oriented and functional-oriented smallholders in regions with abundant market resources,hilly areas,and non-urban districts prefer long-term stability in land contracting.To effectively address the contradiction between stable farmland management and farmer households'demands for land adjustment,to ease human-land relations,and to ensure the smooth progress of land system reform in China,two suggestions are proposed:(1)respect the reality of peasant household diversification and implement differentiated land policies for diversified households.(2)Fully consider the constraints of resource endowments in different regions and explore land contract extension and adjustment policies according to local conditions.The research findings provide a scientific reference for advancing the imp

关 键 词：土地承包关系 农户分化 土地调整 土地流转 土地承包意愿 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]