压力感知对消防员创伤后应激障碍症状的影响:一个有调节的中介模型  

Impact of perceived stress on PTSD among firefighters:A moderated mediation model

作　　者：陈红怡 范新娜 吴忠英 袁逖飞 刘斌 宋磊 魏蒙 杨群 CHEN Hongyi;FAN Xinna;WU Zhongying;YUAN Tifei;LIU Bin;SONG Lei;WEI Meng;YANG Qun(School of Military Medical Psychology,Air Force Medical University,Xi'an 710032,China;Institute of Psychology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences;Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine;Shaanxi Provincial Fire and Rescue Corps)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学军事医学心理学系(陕西西安),710032 [2]中国科学院心理研究所,中国科学院大学心理学系 [3]上海市精神卫生中心,上海交通大学医学院 [4]陕西省消防救援总队

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2025年第1期123-128,共6页China Journal of Health Psychology

基　　金：军队后勤科研重大项目(编号:AKJ23WS1J002)。

摘　　要：目的:考察压力感知与创伤后应激障碍症状之间的关系,以及焦虑的中介作用和领悟社会支持的调节作用。方法:采用压力感知量表(PSS-14)、广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)、创伤后应激障碍自评量表(PCL-C),对4997名消防员进行调查。结果:①压力感知可以显著正向预测创伤后应激障碍症状(t=43.947,P<0.001);②焦虑在压力感知和创伤后应激障碍症状之间起部分中介作用,中介效应值为0.273;③压力感知和领悟社会支持的交互项对焦虑(t=-19.235,P<0.001)和创伤后应激障碍症状(t=-9.711,P<0.001)的预测作用显著。结论:压力感知不仅能直接导致消防员出现创伤后应激障碍症状,还能通过增加焦虑情绪间接导致创伤后应激障碍症状。在低领悟社会支持下,压力感知更容易导致消防员出现创伤后应激障碍症状和焦虑情绪,焦虑情绪的增加也更容易使消防员出现创伤后应激障碍症状。Objective:To explore the relationship between perceived stress and posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD),as well as the mediating effects of anxiety and moderating effects of perceived social support.Methods:A total of 4997 firefighters were surveyed by Perceived Stress Scale(PSS-14),Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale(GAD-7),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS)and PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C).Results:①Perceived stress positively predicted PTSD(t=43.947,P<0.001);②Anxiety played a mediating role between perceived stress and PTSD,with a mediation effect value of 0.273;③The interaction term of perceived stress and perceived social support significantly predicted anxiety symptom(t=-19.235,P<0.001)and PTSD(t=-9.711,P<0.001).Conclusion:Perceived stress not only directly affects PTSD,but also indirectly contributes to it through increased anxiety.At lower levels of perceived social support,perceived stress is more likely to lead to heightened anxiety and PTS-Damong firefighters.Additionally,increased anxiety further predisposes firefighters to PTSD.

关 键 词：压力感知 领悟社会支持 焦虑 创伤后应激障碍 消防员 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]