衢州市林火火源特征及预防对策研究  

Research on Characteristics of Forest Fire Sources and Preventive Countermeasures in Quzhou

作　　者：吴仙花 郑伟健 王晓萌 程建慧 董璐 徐清福 WU Xianhua;ZHENG Weijian;WANG Xiaomeng;CHENG Jianhui;DONG Lu;XU Qingfu(Kaihua Forestry Bureau of Zhejiang,Kaihua 324300;Quzhou Forestry Bureau of Zhejiang,Quzhou 32400,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]开化县林业局,浙江衢州324300 [2]衢州市林业局,浙江衢州324000

出　　处：《浙江林业科技》2024年第6期98-104,共7页Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：全国第一次自然灾害综合风险普查项目资金。

摘　　要：【目的】研究林火火源特征,为森林防火应急机制的建设及火源管控措施的制定提供参考依据。【方法】以衢州市第一次森林火灾风险等级和森林资源风险等级普查成果、衢州市1991—2020年森林火灾数据、开化县2015—2022年林火统计数据和2015—2022年开化县逐日气象资料为研究数据,对森林火灾发生的时空特征和连续零降雨天气的林火日际分布特征进行分析。【结果】衢州市82.1%的森林火灾是可控的;每年2月、3月、4月三个月发生森林火灾数最多,占全年森林火灾数的64.8%;每日12:00—16:00是森林火灾高发时段,该时段发生的森林火灾数占日均森林火灾总数的64.4%;森林火灾地区分布情况与该地区森林火灾风险等级和森林资源风险等级呈正相关;开化县林火发生时间主要聚集在雨后第2天至第7天,连续天晴半个月以上反而很少发生林火。【结论】根据历年森林火灾的地区分布规律合理调配防灭火资源,以充分发挥财政资金的使用绩效;在林火多发的重点时间节点,森林防火责任人员要加强防火宣传和巡护督查,严控好野外火源,防止因麻痹大意引发森林火灾。【Objective】To study the characteristics of forest fire sources and provide reference for the development of emergency mechanisms for forest fire prevention and control measures for fire sources.【Method】The study utilizes data from the first forest fire risk level and forest resource risk level survey in Quzhou City,forest fire data from Quzhou City from 1991 to 2020,forest fire statistics from Kaihua County for 2015-2022,and daily meteorological data from Kaihua County for 2015-2022.It analyzes the spatiotemporal characteristics of forest fire occurrences and the inter-day distribution characteristics of forest fires during consecutive days without rainfall.【Result】The findings indicate that 82.1%of forest fires in Quzhou City are controllable.Forest fires occur most frequently in February,March,and April each year,accounting for 64.8% of all incidents.The high-incidence time period is between 12:00 PM and 4:00 PM daily,accounting for 64.4%.The regional distribution of forest fires correlates positively with the area's forest fire risk level and forest resource risk level.In Kaihua County,forest fires mostly occur between the 2nd and 7th days after rainfall,whereas fires are rarely observed during continuous sunny periods lasting more than half a month.【Conclusion】It is recommended that government departments allocate fire prevention and suppression resources based on the historical regional distribution patterns of forest fires to maximize the performance of financial resources.During key time periods with high fire incidence,forest fire prevention personnel should strengthen fire prevention publicity and patrol supervision,strictly control outdoor fire sources,and prevent forest fires caused by negligence.

关 键 词：衢州市 森林火灾 林火特征 火源管理 防火意识 

分 类 号：S762.3[农业科学—森林保护学]